• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2021

In this paper, we described configuration and construction of infrastructure for the KASS Reference Station (KRS), subsystem of Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS). KASS system consists of three subsystems(KRS, Mission Control Center (MCC), KASS Uplink Station (KUS)). One of these subsystems, KRS receives GNSS data for generating range error and integrity verification and sends to MCC. It is needed to antenna facilities for mounting GNSS antenna and shelter for operating KRS and infra equipment(power and network system, lightning and grounding system, fire extinguish) for operating KRS. For this reason, we have established the requirements for KRS infrastructure and constructed infrastructure for KRS to meet the requirements of KRS infrastructure.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2013

한국원자력연구원에서는 사용후핵연료를 직접 처분하는 대신 이를 처리하여 발생하는 방사성 폐기물을 심지층에 직접 처분하는 방식의 A-KRS 개념의 방사성폐기물 처분 시스템을 개발해 오고 있다. 이러한 A-KRS 개념에 대한 장기적 안전성 및 처분 시스템 성능 평가를 위한 모델을 GoldSim을 이용 개발하고 이를 지속적으로 수정 보완하고 개선해 오고 있다. KAERI에서 개발된 A-KRS 모델의 신뢰도를 증진 시키기 위하여 유사하게 개발된 다른 모델과의 벤치마킹을 통한 비교 연구의 결과를 제시하였다. A-KRS모델을 미국 NRC에서 SwRI 연구소의 협력을 통하여 개발하여 처분 시스템 성능평가에 활용한 SOAR와 비교하고 병행하여 스웨덴의 SKB에서 최근 수행한 SR-SiTE 안전성 평가를 통하여 KBS-3 개념의 처분 시스템 내 전단 응력에 따른 용기의 파손에 따른 유출 계산 결과와도 비교 검토하여, 전반적으로 상호 잘 일치하는 결과를 얻어 내었다. 보다 개선된 GoldSim으로의 모델의 이행의 필요성은 있으나 A-KRS 모델이 GoldSim을 통해 잘 이행되어 처분 시스템 안전성 평가에 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2008년도 Proceedings of the Convention
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• pp.103-115
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• 2008

Hemodynamic shear stress, the dragging force generated by blood flow, is known as an anti-atherogenic factor. We tested whether lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) will be utilized as an agent controlling shear-sensing systems. KRS was previously known to be secreted as a pro-inflammatory agent. Here we found that KRS inhibited various shear-stimulated signaling pathways. We further found that KRS binds to detergent-resistant membrane (DRM), indicating that KRS binding molecules exist in DRM, specialized regions of the plasma membrane. DRM plays important roles in a variety of cellular processes and consists of gangliosides, signaling molecules and cytoskeletons. We then determined that KRS was colocalized with integrins ${\alpha}4$, ${\alpha}5$ and $av{\beta}3$. In addition, KRS was shown to be associated with sialic acid, existing at the end of gangliosides. Interestingly, the adherent effect of KRS was inhibited by pretreatment with sialic acid. Moreover, treatment of endothelial cells with neuraminidase appeared to inhibit both the KRS adhesion to endothelial cells and shear-stimulated signaling. In conclusion, KRS is likely to be utilized as a vascular regulator.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1282-1287
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• 2007

Currently, the Korean railway standards (KRS), managed by Korea National Railroad, have been managed by the Korean Ministry of Construction and Transportation. According to Korean railway safety law, which were established for the guarantee of railway safety, the management of KRS including enactment and revision of technical standards for railway vehicle and components, was committed to Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI). In this paper, the detailed master plan for the management of KRS will be introduced for the effective management of KRS, and KRS management direction for the future will be suggested.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.213-218
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• 2009

The Korean railway standards (KRS), formerly managed by Korea Railroad (Korail), have been managed by the Korean Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (ML TM). According to Korean railway safety law and its ordinances, which were established for the guarantee of railway safety, the management of KRS including enactment and revision of technical standards for railway vehicle and components, was committed to Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI). Currently, a total of 195 standards has been managed from the various railway applications including track, electrical, and vehicle areas. Moreover, according to the guideline on the management of KRS, the conformity of KRS with international standards is encouraged for the enlargement of international trade. In this investigation, a brief management activity of KRS and the recent activities on conformity of KRS with AAR standards on automatic coupler will be introduced.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.252-257
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• 2005

As the Korea Railroad (KR) was privatized at the beginning of 2005, the Korean Railway Standards (KRS), which was managed previously by KR, have been managed by the Korean Ministry of Construction and Transportation. According to Railway Safety Law and ordinances, which are for the guarantee of safety in railway applications, the management of KRS including enactment and revision of technical standards for railway vehicle and components, was committed to Korea Railroad Research Institute. In this investigation, the detailed management plan and contents are introduced for the effective management of KRS.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2022

The Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS) is the Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) under development in Korea. KASS navigation service support navigation Safety of Life (SoL) service. KASS signal provides corrections to Global Positioning System (GPS) data received from KASS Reference Stations (KRS) and is broadcast form Geostationary Earth Orbiting (GEO) satellites to KASS users and is used by GPS/SBAS user equipment to improve the accuracy, availability, continuity and integrity of the navigation solution. Seven KRS's collect the satellite data and send them to the KASS Processing Stations (KPS) for the generation of the corrections and the monitoring the integrity. For performing its computation the KPS needs to know accurate and reliable KRS antennas coordinates. These coordinates are provided as configuration parameters to the KPS. This means that the reference frame in which the KPS work is the one represented by the set of coordinates provided as input. Therefore, the activity to maintain the accuracy of the KRS antenna coordinates is necessary, knowing that coordinates can evolve due to earth plates movements or earthquakes. In this paper, we analyzed the geodetic survey results for KRS antenna coordinates from Site Acceptance Test (SAT) #1 in December 2020 to August 2022. In the future, it is expected that these activities and planning for KRS coordinates maintenance will be produced and provided to KASS system operators for KPS configuration updates during the KASS lifetime of 15 years. Through these maintenance activities, it is expected that monitoring and analysis of unpredictable events such as earthquakes and seism will be possible in the future.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2021

According to the Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS) system milestone, Site Acceptance Test (SAT) has three steps test until the end of the project. SAT#1 is the first time of SAT steps and verify the KASS Reference Station (KRS) and Sub System (S/S) for the monitoring and controllable. After the equipment and software were installed at the Mission Control Center (MCC) with Central Monitoring and Control Simulator (CMS) for the SAT#1, the 1:1 test was progressed when the KRS and S/S are ready to test. SAT#1 has a 10 steps test case and it was progressed each KRS sites. The test was finished throughout the real-time monitoring and the data collection including the data analysis all of the 7 KRS sites. Finally SAT#1 was completed on December 2020 with successfully.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.435-441
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• 2009

In the present study, we analyzed the defensin protein deduced from Korean radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds.To express the genes in E. coli, we constructed a recombinant expression vector with a defensin gene, named rKRs-AFP gene isolated from Korean radish seeds. Over expressed rKRs-AFP proteins was separated by SDS-PAGE to determine the purity, and protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method. Antifungal activity was assessed by disk assay method against the tested fungi. As a result, when 500 mL of cell culture were disrupted by sonicator, 32.5 mg total proteins were obtained. The purified protein showed a single band on SDS-PAGE with estimated molecular weight about 6 KDa, consistent with the molecular mass calculated from the deduced amino acid sequence. The purified rKRs-AFP protein showed remarkable antifungal activities against several fungi including Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea causing the gray mold disease, and Candida albicans. In field tests using the purified rKRs-AFP protein, the protein showed the reducing activity of disease spot and the mitigating effect of spreading of disease like agrichemicals. The immuno-assay of rKRs-AFP protein showed that the purified protein entirely accumulated at B. cinerea cytoplasm through the hyphal septa shown by fluorescence imaging. There was no fluorescence inside the cell, when the hypha was incubated without the protein. These all results indicate that the recombinant rKRs-AFP proteins can be utilized as a potential antifungal drug to control harmful plant fungal pathogens.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2020

KRS which is subsystem of Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS) performs a role of collecting and monitoring GPS signals. In order to generate the accurate correction message, the site which meets the requirements should be selected and verification to meet each requirement should be accompanied. When the sites are selected, the environmental considerations are EMI, clear horizon (CH) and multipath. Of these, EMI and CH can be checked for satisfaction by instrumentation, but multipath error is difficult to predict. Therefore, multipath error analysis for the installation position of actual antenna at each KRS site should be preceded, and multipath scenario should be generated for each location to analyze the effects of the resulting system performance. In this paper, based on satellite signals collected from each KRS sites, the method for analyzing multipath error in each KRS sites is described, and the multipath error is analyzed. Also to perform an analysis of the effects on system performance due to multipath error, multipath error modeling is performed for the generation of simulation scenarios.