• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.383-417
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• 1994

By making use of the EAV(Electroacupuncture acc. Voll) combined meridian theory of oriental medicine with electronics which was contrived to recognize the physiological and pathological changes of human body, the following conclusions were made in comparison with EAV measurements and types of symptoms(anxiety & headache, fatigue, palpitation, dizzness, abdominal distension. nausea, gastric disturbance. constipation & diarrhea, fatty liver, cva), QSCC, and blood type test. 367 patients including 124 with nervous gastrointestinal problems were selected for this research. 1. From the point of variance of the tested patients 124 nervous gastrointestinal patients, Liver meridian and Spleen meridian showed hyperenergia and Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian, Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia 2. In each symptom as the nervous gastrointestinal symptom Liver meridian showed hyperenergia, Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian and Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia . 3. In an objective comparison with other symptoms, firstly among the headache & anxiety group left Gall Bladder, Triple warmer and Stomach meridian showed remarkable hypoergia, secondly among fatigue group showed hypoergia in Triple warmer meidian and hyperenergia of Stomach meridian. and thirdly among palpitation group showed hypoergia of Kidney meridian, and lastly among dizzness group showed hypoergia of Gall Bladder, Stomach, Circulation and Small intestine meridian. 4. All of gastric disturbance, nausea, abdominal distention, constipation and diarrhea group showed hyperenergia in Stomach meridian and Spleen meridian. gastric disturbance group showed remarkably hypoergia in Circulation. Small intestine, Lung and Large intestine meridian. Nausea group showed hypoergia in Gall bladder and Urinary bladder meridian. Abdominal distenton group showed hypoergia of Large intestine. Constipation and diarrhea group showed hypoergia of Kidney and left Circulation meridian. 5. Fatty liver group showed hyperenergia of Liver meridian of 83.3%, Gall Bladder, Stomach and Spleen meridian. Urinary bladder and Kidney meridian showed hypoergia 6. CVA group showed hyperenergia in Liver and Circulation meridian. 7. Blood type in typical classification had no significant bearings on each other. 8. QSCC for the attempt of objective materials of constitutional diagnosis had no correlativity in comparison with EAV measurements. In conclusion EAV is thought be used as a diagnostic method in oriental medicine and further research is needed regarding it can be used as a useful method for verifying the characteristics and early finding of symptoms.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-67
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• 1995

By making use of the EVA(Electroacupuncture acc. Voll) combined meridian theory of oriental medicine with electronics which was contrived to recognize the physiological and pathological changes of human body, the following conclusions were made in comparison with EAV measurements and types of symptoms(anxiety & headache, fatigue, palpitation, dizzness, abdominal distension, nausea, gastric distubance, constipation & diarrhea, fatty liver, CVA), QSCC, and blood type test. 367 patients including 124 with nervous gastrointestinal problems were selected for this research. 1. From the point of variance of the tested patients 124 nervous gastrointestinal patients, Liver meridian and Spleen meridian showed Hyperenergia and Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian, Tripe warmer meridian showed hypoergia. 2. In each symptom as the nervous gastrointestinal symptom Liver Meridian showed hyperenergia, Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian and Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia. 3. In an objective Comparison with other symptoms, firstly among the headache & anxiety group left Gall Bladder, Triple warmer and Stomach meridian showed remarkable hypoergia, secondly among fatigue group showed hypoergia in Triple warmer meridian and hyperenergia of Stomach meridian, and thirdly among palpitation group showed hypoergia of Kidney meridian, and lastly among dizzness group showed hypoergia of Gall bladder, Stomach, Circulation and Small intestine meridian. 4. All of gastric distubance, nausea, abdominal distention, constipation and diarrhea group showed hyperenergia in Stomach meridian and spleen meridian, gastric disturbance group showed remarkably hypoergia in Circulation, Small intestine, Lung and Large intestine meridian, Nausea group showed hypoergia of large intestine, Constipation and diarrhea group showed hypoergia of Kidney and left Circulation meridian. 5. Fatty liver group showed hyperenergia of Liver meridian of 83.3%, Gall Bladder, stomach and Spleen meridian, Urinary bladder and Kidney meridian showed hypoergia. 6. CVA group showed hyperenergia in Liver and Corculation meridian. 7. Blood type in typical classification had on signigicant bearings on each other. 8. QSCC for the attempt of objective materials of constitutional diagnosis had no correlaticity in comparison with EAV measurements. In conclusion EAV is thought be used as a diagnostic method in oriental medicine and further research is needed regarding it can be used as useful method for verifying the characteristics and early finding of symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2002

In the oriental medicine, the biological mechanism and pathogenic change have been based on the meridian. A Liver channel of those belong to the wood in the five element system, the Leg channel of the twelve primary channels, Absolute Yin(厥陰) in the three Yin channels and connect with Liver organ. Through the study on a liver channel, the results were as follows. Leg Absolute Yin is indicated for disease affecting the lower abdomen, uro-genital system, knee and thigh. Symptons associated with mind regulation system : hypochondria, a feeling of restlessness and the deficiency of Liver Yin. Symptons associated with disease of Absolute Yin.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2003

I studied connection between meridians and Dianxian(癲癎, Epilepsy). Dianxian is caused by Feun(風) based on the Blood-Deficiency(血虛) which is induced by Heart-deficiency(心虛). Therefore, when Heart and blood are in deficient condition(心血虛), Heart meridian(心經) and Pericardium meridian(心包經) can be easily affected by Feng(風), which is main cause of Dianxian. Furthermore, Liver heat(肝熱) is another main cause of Dianxian. It shows along Liver meridian(肝經) and affects Pericardium Meridian(心包經). Heart, Pericardium and Liver are main organs of human psychoconscious activities, and also are main pathological organs of Dianxian. Dianxian progresses in several ways and simtoms of Dianxian are variant according to the deficiency-exess state(虛實) of Stomach and Spleen meridians(脾胃經). So, I concluded that controling Heart, Pericardium, Liver, Stomach and Spleen meridians can make therapeutical effects on Dianxian. So I report it for the better treatment, and it shoud need further study.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was designed to compare the effects of tonification and sedation methods of Liver Meridian in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease mice model. Methods : We injected MPTP (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline for 5 consecutive days. Acupuncture treatments were given to the mice with MPTP at LR8 and LR4 to tonify Liver Meridian (Liver+) or LR4 and LR2 to sedate it (Liver-) for 12 day. At the 12th day after first injection, mice were perfused, and then tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunohistochemistry was performed in substantia nigra (SN) of their brains. After counting the number of TH-positive neurons, we compared their numbers among experimental groups. Results : The number of TH-positive neurons of Liver+ group was significantly increased compared to that of MPTP group in the SN. That of Liver-group was also increased more than MPTP group, but not significantly. Conclusions : Tonifying Liver Meridian might be effective therapeutic tools for the neuroprotection in subchronic MPTP-induced mice model.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2010

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effect of manual acupuncture, invasive laser acupuncture and laser skin irradiation at LU8, LR4, HT8 and LR2(Liver Seunggyeok) on D-galN-induced liver injury in rats. Method: Liver injury was induced with D-galN. The experimental rats were divided four groups(Control group, EXP-1, EXP-2, EXP-3). In the Control group, liver injury-induced and not treated. EXP-1 group was liver injury-induced and carried out manual acupuncture with Young-Su(against the meridian course and following the course of the meridian) & Won-Bang(by twisting and rotating the needle) acupuncture method at Liver Seunggyeok. EXP-2 group was liver injury-induced and carried out invasive laser acupuncture at Liver Seunggyeok. EXP-3 group was liver injury-induced and carried out laser skin irradiation at Liver Seunggyeok. Result: In the change of body weight(in 1 week), EXP-1, EXP-2 and EXP-3 groups were significantly increased as compared with control group. In the change AST & ALT, EXP-1 and EXP-2 groups were significantly decreased as compared with control group. In the change of SOD, EXP-1, EXP-2 and EXP-3 groups were significantly increased as compared with control group. In the change of WBC, EXP-2 group was significantly increased as compared with control group. Conclusion: Manual acupuncture, invasive laser acupuncture and laser skin irradiation at Liver Seunggyeok had hepatotherapeutic effect on the treatment of hepatocytotoxity. Invasive laser acupuncture was as effective as manual acupuncture on the treatment of hepatocytotocity.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.57-65
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• 2006

Objectives : It is known that the five Su points are very useful clinically. The following study was undertaken in order to find out the general characteristic and the origin of the five Su points. Methods: We investigated the relation of symptoms that are treated by five Su points and Shi-Dong Suo-Sheng-Bing(是動 所生病). The main reference book was Zhen Jiu Jia Yi jing(鍼灸甲乙經) and the author took Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum(足厥陰肝經) as an example. Results : 1. Five Su point of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum(足厥陰肝經) treats Shi-Dong-Bing(是動病) of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum. It is peculiarity of Five Su point of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum, differed from the others acupoints. Symptoms of Shi-Dang-Bing appears with the abnormal pulsation of Merdian Gi(脈氣), and the special feature of Shi-Dang-Bing is the symptoms are consisted of disorders of whole body, trobles of an internal organ, and psychosomatic disorders. 2. In , it is described the part of pulse feeling for Shi-Dong-Bing(是動病) of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum(足厥陰肝經) as ‘A region that is 2 Chon(寸) from the basic digital joint of the first toe’. This region is agree with the acupoint of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum in , . And Haeng-gan(行間) Tae-chung(太衝), members of five Su-points of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum is situated the same region. So we suppose that the part of pulse feeling for Shi-Dong-Bing of Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum is transformed into Haeng-gan(行間) Tae-chung(太衝), among the five Su points.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.147-158
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was aimed to investigate the methods for acupuncture and moxibustional treatment to insomnia Methods : The insomnia is classified by seven cause at main subject. According to this, arrange the acupuncture and moxibustional treatment for classical books, and explain eight meridian related to insomnia. Results : 1. Insomnia means deficiency of sleeping and it is the word generally used when a short period of sleeping, difficulty for deep sleeping and difficulty for recovery of original vital energy comes out. In oriental medicine, they understand that uneasiness condition occurred by abnormal operation of the internal organs as heart, liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, kidney, etc. caused by external affection or internal injury becomes Insomnia. 2. Cause of insomnia can be classified majorly as fire-transformation of liver and gallbladder , inner shaking of phlegm-heat , insufficiency of both the heart and the spleen, disharmony between heat and kidney, the dysfunction of the stomach, timidity of heart and gallbladder, the deficiency of Qi of the lung. They make insomnia with bad influence upon body and spirit. 3. The meridian system such as Heart Meridian of Hand Soeum, Pericardium Meridian of Hand Gworeum, Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangmyeong, Spleen Meridian of Foot Taeeum, Bladder Meridian of Foot Taeyang, Kidney Meridian of Foot Soeum, Gallbladder Meridian of Foot Soyang, Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum and Lung Meridian of Hand Taeeum are used to treat insomnia. Sinmun acupoint and Naegwan acupoint are often used in particular because the they are good for calmming the spirit, the heart and purging the heart of (pathogenic) fire. 4. Especialy, Back-Su points of Bladder Meridian of Foot Taeyang was used by each causes. The Back-su Points was mainly used for heal the insomnia because the Back-Su points has good competent to control the ability of internal organs by direct effect to it. It is because the vitality flows through around back-Su. Conclusions : It comes to a conclusion as follows with research for relevancy of the main cause of insomnia and meridian system includes meridian point.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.17-29
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the correlation of meridian system in oriental medicine and muscular system in western medicine. Methods : Muscles were assigned to meridians by their main functions and the acupoints on them. New mutual relationships between meridians in lower limb were studied based on the muscular function. Results : In gluteal & femoral region, iliopsoas & quadratus femoris are assigned to spleen & stomach meridians, gluteus maximus & hamstrings to urinary bladder & kidney meridians, adductor muscle groups to liver meridian, gluteus medius & minimus & iliotibial tract to gall bladder meridian. In crural region, anterior crural muscles are assigned to stomach meridian, lateral crural muscles to gall bladder meridian, suferficial posterior crural muscles to urinary bladder (& kidney) meridian, deep posterior crural muscles to liver, spleen, kidney meridians. In lower limb, urinary bladder meridian and stomach meridian lead the muscular functions and correspond to each other, while spleen meridian assists stomach meridian, and kidney meridian assists urinary bladder meridian. Conclusions : Muscles may be assigned to meridians by their functions and the acupoints on them. From the view of muscular function, Yang meridians lead Yin meridians in lower limb.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.225-241
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• 2004

Objectives & Methods: We investigated 45 books to study etiology, pathology and acupuncture & Moxibustion treatment of diarrhea. Result and Conclusion 1. The pathogenic factors of diarrhea are external sensation(外邪感受), jungjishiljo(情志失調), weakness of the spleen and stomach(脾胃虛弱), improper diet(飮食不節), sinyanghueson(腎陽虧損), sueumyujang(水飮留腸), liver Gi invades the sp1een(肝氣乘脾), uhhyuljeche(瘀血阻滯). 2. The etiological cause of diarrhea are closely related to the malfunction of the spleen & stomach(脾胃) and the related jang and bu(臟腑)'s pathological alternation such as spleen & stomach(脾胃), large intestine(大腸), small intestine(小腸), liver(肝), sp1een(脾), and kidney(腎). 3. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of diarrhea with the meridian system are in the following order from the most often mentioned meridian system to the least, urinary bladder meridian(膀胱經), spleen meridian(脾經), stomach meridian(胃經), conception channel meridian(任脈經), liver mehdian(肝經), governor channel meridian(督脈經), large intestine meridian(大腸經), lung meridian(肺經), triple-warmer meridian(三焦經), gall bladder meridian(膽經), Pericardium meridian(心包經). 4. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of diarrhea with meridian point are in the following order from the most often mentioned meridian point to the least, Cheonchu(天樞) sixteen times, Sin-gwol(神厥) fifteen times, Joksamni(足三理), Gwanwon(關元) each twelve times, Daejangsu(大腸兪) eleven times, Taechung(太衝), Bisu(脾兪), Sojangsu(小腸兪) each ten times,Sinsu(腎兪) nine times, CC12(中脘) eight times, Samchosu(三焦兪), gokcheon(曲泉), Harweom(下廉) each seven times, Samgan(三間), Sameungyo(三陰交), Yisa(意舍), Jungnyo, Gyeungmun(京門) each six times, Gyeonggol(京骨), Jangmun(章門) each five times, Sangnyeom(上廉), Hapgok(合谷), Yangmun(梁門), Sanggu(商丘), Yanggang(陽綱), Hoeyang(會陽), Gihyeol(氣穴), Taegye(太谿), Gihae(氣海) each four times.