• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1365-1372
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• 2019

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lycii radicis CORTEX extract on rheumatoid related factors in CIA-induced Rheumatoid Arthritis model of DBA/1 mice. Lycii radicis CORTEX extract was administered orally at doses of 200 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks after direct injection of CIA into the mice' right paw. We evaluated the treatment effects based on serum biomarkers, morphological and histopathological analyses of the paw. Compared with those in control mice, the Lycii radicis CORTEX extract treatments significantly reduced the serum concentration of cytokine, kemokine and immunoglobulin levels. In addition, the Lycii radicis CORTEX extract treatments effectively preserved the paw bone joint, that in the H&E staining and masson-trichrome staining showed that there were histopathological improvements in Lycii radicis CORTEX extract treated group compared to those of control group. The results indicate that Lycii radicis CORTEX extract alleviated rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. Thus, Lycii radicis CORTEX extract may be a novel therapeutic option for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.62-75
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• 2016

Objectives: This study examined whether Lycii Radicis Cortex has an inhibitory effect on inflammatory response through an oxidative stress and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)-mediated pathway in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Methods: Lycii Radicis Cortex was orally administered to STZ-induced diabetic rats in doses of 80 or 160 mg/kg body weight/day for 2 weeks, and its effects were compared with those of diabetic control and normal rats. Results: The administration of Lycii Radicis Cortex decreased the elevated serum urea nitrogen and renal reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduced the increased AGEs in the serum and kidney. The elevated protein expressions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits in the kidney of diabetic control rats were significantly decreased after Lycii Radicis Cortex treatments. Moreover, the kidney of diabetic rats exhibited the up-regulation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and AGEs-related proteins; however, Lycii Radicis Cortex treatment also significantly reduced those expressions (excepted RAGE). In addition, the diabetic rats exhibited an up-regulation of the expression of proteins related to inflammation in the kidney, but Lycii Radicis Cortex administration reduced significantly the expression of the inflammatory proteins through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathways. Conclusions: This study provides scientific evidence that Lycii Radicis Cortex exerts the antidiabetic effect by inhibiting the expressions of AGEs and NF-${\kappa}B$ in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.264-271
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• 1994

Pharmacological effects of water extracts of Lycii Fructus, Lycii Folium and Lycii Cortex Radicis from Lycium chinensis were investigated. Lycii Folium significantly protected the hepatic function from damages orally caused by $CCl_4 $administration in mice and had a strong hypoglycemic effect in hyperglycemic mice induced by streptozotocin. Lycii Fructus decreased the blood pressure rise associated with the growth of normal rats. Lycii Cortex Radicis had a strong hypoglycemic effect in hyrerglycemic mice induced by streptozotocin. Also, hypolipidemic effects in hyperlipidemic rats induced by 1% cholesterol fed-diet and 75% fructose were significantly observed by oral administration of water extracts of Lycii Fructus, Lycii Folium and Lycii Cortex Radicis.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.215-225
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• 2010

In order to investigate the antidepressant effects of Lycii Radicis Cortex on the change of HPA-Axis system, the forced swimming test was performed. The expressions of CRF and c-Fos in the PVN were measured with immunohistochemical method and the concentration of ACTH in Serum was evaluated with ELISA method. And the results obtained were as follows. Results : 1. The duration of immobility in the forced swimming test was significantly decreased in the LRC100 group and the LRC400 group(P<0.001). 2. The expressions of CRF and c-Fos were significantly reduced in the LRC100 group and the LRC400 group(P<0.001). And the concentration of ACTH in Serum were significantly reduced in the LRC 100 group(P<0.05). According to the results above mentioned, it can be considered that Lycii Radicis Cortex has antidepressant effects.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.161-174
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• 2011

Objectives : The effects of Extraction after Mixture of Bupleuri Radix and Lycii Radicis Cortex on the change of the HPA-Axis system and the Catecholamic system was investigated. Methods : After performing the Forced Swimming Test(FST), the expressions of corticotropin releasing factor(CRF), c-Fos in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN), and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) in the ventral tegmental area(VTA) and locus coeruleus(LC) were measured by immunohistochemical method. Results : The duration of immobility in FST was significantly decreased in A 100(Extraction after Mixture of Bupleuri Radix and Lycii Radicis Cortex, 100mg/kg) and A 400(Extraction after Mixture of Bupleuri Radix and Lycii Radicis Cortex, 400mg/kg)(p<0.001). The expression of CRF in the PVN was shown the tendency to reduce in A100 and A400. The expression of c-Fos in the PVN was shown the tendency to reduce in A100 and A400. The expression of TH in the VTA was shown the tendency to reduce mildly in A100 and A400. The expression of TH in the LC was significantly reduced in A400(p<0.001). And the dose dependent reduction tendency was shown, respectively. Conclusions : According to the results above mentioned, the immobility, c-Fos and CRF expression was reduced at lower dose and was increased at higher dose. Therefore there is contradictory effects on the HPA Axis system in accordance with the dose. But in the effects on the catecholaminergic system, it significantly reduced the expression of TH in the LC. It was validated that the effect on the catecholaminergic system was ruled by Bupleuri Radix rather than Lycii Radicis Cortex via mainly the noradernergic system.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2011

Objectives : The goal of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects of Mixture of Lycii Radicis Cortex and Moutan Cortex on the change of HPA-Axis and Catecholamic system. Methods : We were performed the Forced Swimming Test. The expressions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) and c-Fos at paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) at ventral tegmental area (VTA) and locus coeruleus (LC) were evaluated by immunohistochemical method. Results : The duration of immobility in the Forced Swimming Test was significantly decreased in A100, A400(p<0.05~p<0.01). CRF expressions at PVN was significantly decreased in A400(p<0.05).No other group showed significant difference in expression of c-Fos at PVN comparing with control group. TH expressions at VTA was significantly decreased in A100 and A400, respectively(p<0.001). TH expressions at LC was significantly decreased in A100(p<0.01). Conclusions : According to the above results, Mixture of Lycii Radicis Cortex and Moutan Cortex has antidepressant effects via the reduction of CRF expression and the Catecholamine System activity.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.225-239
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• 2000

Pulmonary edema is a disease involving the principal symptoms: dyspnea, bloody phlegm, asthma, cough, etc. According to oriental medical references, Jeomglyukdaejosapaetang (J.D.T) was efficacious for dropsy, cough, dysnea, etc, so it was thought to be used for remedy of pulmonary edema. Therefore experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of J.C.T on pulmonary edema of the rats induced by the herbicide, paraquat.Thus the survival rats, respiratory rats, lung weights and histopathological view of the lungs of rats were studied. The results are as follows. 1. The survival rates at 72hours of the rats injected with paraquat and treated with J.D.T increased in B group(J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori). The others were not different with the control. 2. The respiratory rates of the rats which survived 72hours later significantly decreased in B group(J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori). 3. The lung weights of the rats which survived for 72hours later significantly decreased in B group(J.B.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori). 4. The histopathological views of the lungs of rats induced by paraquat were seen severe hemorrhage, edema and some broken alveoli in control group. But B group(J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori) were seen little hemorrhage and interstitial hyperplasia. According to the above results, J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mort is effective on the remedy for pulmonary edema of rats induced by paraquat.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.657-662
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• 2006

Immunological activities of the combined-administration of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Lycii Cortex Radicis were examined in BALB/C mice. The 40% ethyl alcohol extract of Acanthopanacis Corter (AE) or the 40% ethyl alcohol extract of Acanthopanacis Coriex and Lycii Cortex Radicis (ALE) were administered p.o. once a day for 7 days, respectively. AE did not affect the viability of thymocytes, but ALE decreased the viability of thymocytes. ALE enhanced the viability of splenocytes increased by AE. Also, AE enhanced the population of cytotoxic T cell in thymocytes, and ALE enhanced the population of helper T cell compared with AE. Furthermore, AE increased the population of $Thy1^+$ cells in splenocytes, and increased the population of splenic $CD4^+$ cells. In addition, ALE enhanced the phagocytic activity which was decreased by AE ALE decreased the production of nitric oxide increased by AE in peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest that ALE enhance an immune-regulative action of AE.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2007

Objectives : Investigation of the anitstress effects of Lycii Radicis Cortex. Methods : Behavior was measured in PAT and FST after applying stress to rats. Also, TH expression-degree in the regions of VTA and LC was measured, respectively. Results : The memory was improved in the LH 50mg/kg treated group in the passive avoidance test(P<0.01). The duration of immobility in the forced swimming test was significantly decreased in the LR 50mg/kg and 400mg/kg treated groups(P<0.0l). Stress-induced TH increases were meaningfully suppressed in the LR 100mg/kg and 400mg/kg treated group(P<0.001). Conclusion : Lycii Radicis Cortes has the effect of memory improving and antidepressant.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.347-366
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• 1998

In order to investigate the effect of Lycii Radicis Cortex on hyperlipidemia, experimental studies were performed on hyperlipidemia rats. Hyperlipidemia model (controll group) was induced by 1% cholesterol fed-diet for 8 weeks. Sample I group fed with 1% cholesterol and 4% Lycii Radicis Cortex diet for 8 weeks. Sample II group fed with 1% cholesterol and 8% Lycii Radicis Cortex diet for 8 weeks. The contents of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured, and fat accumulation in liver and the change of elastic and collagenous fiber in aortic wall were observed. The results were summurized as follows ; 1. The content of total cholesterol in the serum compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group, but did not show a significance. 2. The content of triglyceride in the serum compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group, and then sample II group showed a significant value. 3. The content of free fat acid in the serum compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group, and then sample II group showed a significant value. 4. The content of phospholipid in the serum compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group, but did not show a significance. 5. The content of HDL-cholesterol in the serum compared with control group tended to be increased in sample group, and then sample I group showed a significant value. 6. The content of LDL-cholesterol in the serum compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group, and then sample I group showed a significant value. 7. The lipophagy in liver compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group. 8. The change of elastic and collagenous fiber lesion in tunica media of aortic wall, compared with control group tended to be decreased in sample group. According to the above results, it is assumed that Lycii Radicis Cortex has a valid effect on hyperlipidemia. Therefore, it seems to be applicable to the diseases related to hyperlipidemia.