• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 1996

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to monitor the response of vesicle size and the intervesicle agglomeration with a variety of experimental parameters. Considered parameters are: (a) reaction temperture, (b) concentration of phosphatidylcholine, (c) concentration of aluminum ion with fixed concentration of phosphatidylcholine at 0.39 mM, and (d) mixed concentration of aluminum and phosphatidylcholine when fixing the weight ratio of phosphatidylcholine to aluminum at 0.01. Controlling these parameters, vesicle size changed and intervesicle agglomeration observed. As reaction temperature and the concentration of phosphatidylcholine increase, vesicle size decreases. With 0.2 M of aluminum ion, abnormal vesicle growth led by intervesicle agglomeration and coalescence was observed. When weight ratio of phosphatidylcholine to aluminum is 0.01, optimal vesicle size and size distribution can be obtained.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.321-323
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• 1990

Membrane proteins isolated from the coleoptile and mesocotyl tissues of corn seedlings were solubilized with Triton X100 and reconstituted with phosphatidylcholine at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The proteoliposomes were incubated and proton uptake into the vesicles was measured with a spectrophotometer. Addition of ATP to the reaction mixture was found to result in an active accumulation of proton into the vesicles. These results indicate that the preparation contains tightly bound phosphatidylcholine vesicles with reconstituted H+ -ATPase from the plant cell membranes.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.82-85
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• 2004

Microinterface of W/Omicroemulsion prepared by phosphatidylcholine was used as reaction media of hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by phospholipaseA$_2$. Phosphatidylcholine was used as an amphiphile and was acted as a substrate. Organic phase of W/Omicroemulsion in this study was prepared by mixed organic solvents i.e. 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) as a main solvent and 1-butanol as a co-solvent. The effect of added 1-butanol was remarkable not only on reaction beginning but also on high reaction rate. The hydrolysis reaction was dramatically initiated when 1-butanol was injected into the running isooctane/PC system. The enhancement by 1-butanol addition into single organic solvent was our original finding compare with previous conventional organic solvent. The reaction rate was elevated by the added amount of 1-butanol. The enhanced reaction rate was about 150-folds. This enhancement was speculated as 1-butanol adsorption on the microinterface. The adsorbed 1-butanol improved the properties of microinterface, especially its mobility was increased by difference of the chain length between phosphatidylcholine and 1-butanol. PhospholipaseA$_2$ molecules were located on the microinterface due to modified mobility of microinterface. Located phospholipaseA$_2$ on the microinterface reacted easily with phosphatidylcholine molecule. As a result high reaction rate was obtained. Microinterfacial properties were successfully improved by adsorbed 1-butanol molecule, and were favorable to appear higher reactivity of phospholipaseA$_2$.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.206-209
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• 2010

Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) meat oil contained high amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) compared to oils extracted from other tissues of the fish. EPA and DHA occupied more than 25% of the total fatty acids in chum salmon meat oil. The main lipid classes in the meat oil were triacylglycerides and phospholipids. The major fatty acids of the molecular species composition of phosphatidylcholine isolated from the meat oil were DHA and EPA. DHA and EPA were the major molecular species in the phosphatidylcholine of chum salmon meat oil, representing 44% and 17%, respectively.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.474-477
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• 1998

A simple and rapid method for preparation of standard phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) in chemiluminescence-HPLC assay (CL-HPLC) was developed using the rose bengal dependent spectrofluorometric oxidation. The concentration of obtained PCOOH was determined by FOX (ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange) assay and then subjected to a CL-HPLC system.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.531-534
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• 2010

Purpose: Lipobean$^{(R)}$s, widely used in lipodissolving techniques, contain phosphatidylcholine and sodium deoxycholate as its main substances. They have been approved only as medication for liver disease by the FDA. However, they have been used under various clinical settings without exact knowledge of its action mechanism. The authors designed an in vitro study to analyze the effects of different concentrations of phosphatidylcholine and sodium deoxycholate on adipocytes and other types of cells. Methods: Human adipose-derived stem cell were cultured and induced to differentiate into adipocytes. Fibroblasts extracted from human inferior turbinate tissue, and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast lines were cultured. Phosphatidylcholine solution dissolved with ethanol was applied to the culture medium at differing concentrations (1, 4, 7, 10 mg/mL). The sodium deoxycholate solution dissolved in DMSO applied to the medium at differing concentrations (0.07, 0.1. 0.4. 0.7 mg/mL). Cells were dispersed at a concentration of $5{\times}10^3$ cells/well in 24 well plates, and surviving cells were calculated 1 day after the application using a CCK-8 kit. Results: The number of surviving cells of adipocytes, fibroblasts and osteoblasts decreased as the concentration of sodium deoxycholate increased. However, all types of cells that had been processed in a phosphatidylcholine showed a cell survival rate of over 70% at all concentrations. Conclusion: This study shows that sodium deoxycholate is the more major factor in destroying adipocytes, and it is also toxic to the other cells. Therefore, we conclude that care must be taken when using Lipobean$^{(R)}$s as a method of reducing adipose tissue, for its toxicity may destroy other nontarget cells existing in the subcutaneous tissue layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.378-383
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• 1995

Phospholipid(PL), phosphatidylcholine(PC) and phosphatidylcholine free PL(PCF) were extracted from squid viscera and the antioxidant effects of each fraction on the oxidation of refined fish oil were evaluated. Polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were the highest in PC(46.7%) followed by PL(44.8%) and PCF(40.9%). The effects of each phospholipid fraction on stabilizing fish oil were compared by incubating at 40$^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. At the initial period(2 days), changes in peroxide value did not show any significant difference ; however, as incubation time was extended, PC fraction showed the strongest antioxidant activity. PL and PCF added to fish oils also resulted in increased stability against oxidation. Antioxidative effect of PC at the 5% level was equivalent to 0.05% BHT, 1% catechin and 1% tocopherol.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.251-257
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• 2013

The influences of Methotrexate as fluorophor, scatterer, absorber in turbid material by light scattering were interpreted for the scattered fluorescence intensity and wavelength, it has been studied the molecular properties by laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy. It has been found that the effects of optical properties in scattering media by the optical parameters((${\mu}_s$, ${\mu}_a$, ${\mu}_t$). The value of scattering coefficient ${\mu}_s$ is large by means of the increasing particles of L-${\alpha}$-Phosphatidylcholine, it has been found that the slope decays exponentially as a function of depth from laser source to detector. It may also aid in designing the best model for oil chemistry, laser medicine and application of medical engineering.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.721-723
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• 2000

The phospholipase $A_2$-catalyzed transesterification of phosphatidylcholine (PC, 95%) with nervonic acid (NA, 95%) was successfully carried out in an organic solvent. The maximum yield after 48 h was 10.3% (w/w) at $50^{\circ}C$ with an initial water activity ($a_w$) of 0.16, and a molar ratio of NA to PC of 20 in 5 ml ethyl acetate.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.14-21
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• 2001

The effects of sodium molybdate(Mo) on phospholipid metabolism in sciatic nerve isolated from lead-intoxicated rat were investigated. Four weeks aged albino rats were divided into four groups : normal control group, lead(10 ppm)-treated group, Mo(1 mg/kg)-treated group, lead and Mo-treated group. As a result of the study, Mo significantly increased the rate of incorporation of $2-[^3H]$myo-inositol into polyphosphinositides in lead-intoxicated rat. Mo also increased the rate of phosphatidylcholine metabolism in normal and lead-intoxicated rats. However, Mo did not affect the metabolism of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanola-mine in normal and lead-intoxicated status. These results suggest that Mo might improve lead-intoxicated status by principally enhancing the metabolism of myo-inositol-related phospholipids and by partly phosphatidylcholine in sciatic nerve.