• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.221-270
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• 1998

Objective This research is a study about constitutional diagnosis through the external appearances as a basic principle, and it is for finding shape differences of the ear, eye, nose, mouth according to the Sasang constitution Method We have collected 209 cases of patients of the Sasang Constitutional Department, including employees of the Kyung-Hee Medical Center and took pictures of the frontal view, lateral view, oblique view of face and measured heights, deapth, breadths of ear, eye, nose, mouth with 'The Measurement of R. Martin'. We analyzed shape differences of the face according to the Sasang constitution with certain results Results We got the morphologic characteristics of ear, eye, nose and mouth according to the Sasang constitution as Table 3. -Table 10. Conclusion : 1. The morphologic characteristics of Ear according to the Sasang constitution (1) Morphologic ear length, Physiognomic ear length, Ear lobule length is longer in Taeumin than Soeumin. (2) Physiognomic ear breadth is wider in Taeumin than Soeumin. (3) Physiognomic ear length, lobule length ratio is higher in Taeumin than Soyangin. 2. The morphologic characteristics of Eye according to the Sasang constitution. (1) Inner Palpebral fissure width, 5th Palpebral fissure length, Bizygomatic breadth-Outercanthal distance is the longest in Taeumin (2) Palpebral fissure inclination is widest in Soeumin. (3) Palpebral fissure length is longer in Taeumin than Soeumin. (4) Pupillary diameter ratio is the lowest in Taeumin (5) Palpebral fissure length, width ratio is higher in Soeumin than Taeumin. (6)zygomatic breadth, Bizygomatic breadth-Outercanthal distance ratio is the higher in Taeumin than Soeumin. 3. The morphologic characteristics of Nose according to the Sasang constitution. (1) Nasion depth is deepest in Soyangin. (2) Nasion to pupillary depth is deeper Soyangin than Taeumin. (3) Nasal tip depth, Nostril to Nasalalar depth is deeper Soyangin than Taeumin. (4) Subnasale to Nasalalar depth is the shallowest in Taeumin (5) Nasalalar height is lowest in Soeumin. (6) Nasalalar to Nostril distance is deeper Taeumin than Soeumin. (7) Nasal tip depth, Nasal depth ratio is the highest in Taeumin (8) Nasal depth Nasalalar heightratio is lowest in Soeumin. (9) Midfaceheight, Nasal tip depth ratio is higher Soyangin than Taeumin. 4. The morphologic characteristics of mouth according to the Sasang constitution. (1) Lower mid lip height, Lower philtrum height, Lower quarter lip height, Total middle lip height, Total philtrum height, Total quarter lip height is the shottest in Soyangin. (2) Upper mid lip height, Upper philtrum height is longer in Taeumin than Soyangin (3) Lip inclination is higher in Soeumin than Soyangin. (4) Intercheilion breadth, total height ratio is lowest in Soyangin. (5) Total lip height, Upper philtrum height ratio is higher in Soyangin than Soeumin. (6) Lower lip height Lower quarter lip height ratio is higher in Soyangin than Taeumin. (8) Total lip area is wider in Taeumin than Soyangin.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.100-111
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• 2004

Objectives To study on the relation between Sasang constitution and obesity and that of obese patient's clinical symptom. Methods The subjects were 129 female patients to visit to diet. The subjects were 129 female patients to diet who answered questionnaire QSCC II and were diagnosed by the Sasang constitution from May to December in 2001 at Nara oriental medical clinic. Results 1. Of obese patients 79.1% were Taeumin, 11.6% Soeumin, and 9.3% Soyangin. 2. A relation of a grade of obesity and Sasang constitution. 2-1) 45.8% of the obese patients were high level obesity who had over 35% of body fat. Out of these people, 91.5% were Taeumin. 2-2) 40.3% of the obese patients weight hip ratio was between 0.84 to 0.89 and 84.6% of these people were proved to be Taeumin. 2-3) 39.2% of the people who had a minimum weight hip ratio of 0.90 were significantly Taeumin, 6.7% Soeumin and 16.6% Soyangin. 2-4) 65.7% of Taeumin were obese patients. 3. Obesity treatment with constitution. 3-1) 59.8% of Taeumin were Pyo-zng patients. 3-2) As treatment periods tended to increase, Taeumin and Soeumin patients showed a large decling of body fat, whereas Soeumin patients showed the opposite reaction. 3-3) The weight hip ratio was led by Taeumin with 0.03 and then came Soeumin and Soyangin with a 0.02 ratio. As treatment was taken into process longer Taeumin patients showed a great progress in decreasing their weight hip ratios. 4. Costitutional related symptom with Obesity. 4-1) Taeumin was followed by Soyangin and then Soeumin in family history. 4-2) Soeumin was followed by Taeumin, then Soyangin when complain of physical fatigue was taken into consideration. 4-3) The ordinary exercise was led by Soyangin, Taeumin then Soeumin. 4-4) People who receive stress turned out to be 72.9% much higher than the people who don't. 4-5) Overeating due to stress was found in 83.3% of Soyangin.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.18-24
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• 2004

1. Objectives This study is for discovering the characteristics of the sleep in ordinary symptoms based on the Sasang Constitution. The result of this study could be helpful to understand and to identify the patients as Taeumin by contrast with non-Taeumin. 2. Methods There were 1,229 patients(529 men), who answered the questionnaire about their ordinary sleep patterns. They had been diagnosed, including their Sasang Constitution, by the Sasang Constitution specialist at Bundang Oriental Hospital of Dongguk university. Applying the binary logistic regression analysis to each item about ordinary sleep patterns and the diagnosed Sasang Constitution, we can measure the characteristics and influence of ordinary sleep patterns to the dependent variable(Sasang Constitution). 3. Results As a result of the binary logistic analysis on the observed questionnaire, we found the similar features of the ordinary sleep patterns on Taeumin by contrast with non-Taeumin. In order of influence that identify Taeumin or non-Taeumin, first, Taeumin has a tendency that he will snore well or frequently. Second, Taeumin has a tendency that he will not dream, when he sleeps by contrast with non-Taeumin. 4. Conclusions This study will be used to identify patients as Taeumin or non-Taeumin by means of a reference tool.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.180-187
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• 2004

Objective : This study was undertaken for discovering the characteristics of sleep in ordinary symptoms based on the Sasang Constitution. The result of this study could be helpful to understand and to identify patients such as Taeumin, Soyangin Soeumin or Taeyangin. Methods : There were 1,229 patients (529 men), who answered the questionnaire about their ordinary sleeping patterns. They were diagnosed, including their clinical Sasang Constitution, by the Sasang Constitution specialist at Bundang Oriental Hospital of Dongguk University. By applying the multinomial and binary logistic regression analysis to those collected materials, we can measure the characteristics and the influence of ordinary sleeping patterns to the dependent variable (Sasang Constitution). Results : In order of the item's influence that had decided one's constitution, between Taeumin and Soeumin, Taeumin snored frequently or well more than Soeumin, Soeumin had more dreams and more sleeping times than Taeumin, and Taeumin struggled frequently or well more than Soeumin. Between Soyangin and Soeumin, Soeumin dreams more frequently than Soyangin, Soyangin snored frequently or well more than Soeumin, and Soeumin has more sleeping times than Taeumin. Between Taeumin and Soyangin, Taeumin snored frequently or well more than Soyangin. Between Taeyangin and a group of the other constitutions, Taeyangin felt unwell after sleeping more than the other constitutions, the other constitutions awaked frequently more than Taeyangin during sleeping. Conclusion : This study will be used for identifying patients as Taeumin, Soyangin, Soeumin or Taeyangin by contrast with each other.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2004

1. Purpose Between "HamsanSachon Dongyi Suse Bowon GaboGubon" and ShinChukbon "Dongyi Suse Bowon", there are many differences and changes of contents. It is due to the changes of Dong-Mu's recognition about symptoms. Therefore, this study will aim to compare constitutional symptoms of Soyangin's with Taeumin's about sweating and pissing. 2. Methods In ShinChukbon "Dongyi Suse Bowon", I found contents about sweating and pissing, and compared constitutional symptoms of Soyangin's with Taeumin's about sweating and pissing. 3. Result and Conclusion 1) In ShinChukbon "Dongyi Suse Bowon", I concluded that Soyangin who has interior disease may piss lesser than Soyangin who has ordinary symptoms. Otherwise, Taeumin who has interior disease may piss more than Taeumin who has ordinary symptoms. 2) In ShinChukbon "Dongyi Suse Bowon", I concluded that Soyangin who has interior disease sweats more than Soyangin who has ordinary symptoms. Otherwise, Taeumin who has interior disease may sweat lesser than Taeumin who has ordinary symptoms. 3) The results of this study was to compare Soyangin with Taeumin on ShinChukbon "Dongyi Suse Bowon". More studies are demanded in other writings of Dong-Mu's.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.90-97
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• 2007

1. Objectives and Methods This study was done to investigate the relationships of Sound parameters between Liver Heat Symptom and Esophagus Symptom of Taeumin using PSSC(Phonetic System of Sasang Constitution) in a sentence. Experimental Participants were 20 Korean adult males including, each 10 Liver Heat Symptom and Esophagus Symptom of Taeumin. 2. Results In Pitch segment, APQ segment and Shimmer segment, there were no significant differences between Liver Heat Symptom and Esophagus Symptom of Taeumin. In Octave segment, there were significant differences in Octave 1, Octave 3, Octave 4, Octave 6 of Liver Heat Symptom of Taeumin were significantly high compared with Esophagus Symptom of Taeumin. In Energy segment, FreQ Domain Total Sum / cnt(0), 0k-2k Total Sum,0k-2k sum dev., 2k-4k Total Sum, 2k-4k sum dev., A# Tot E, B__TOT_E, C__TOT_E, C# Tot E, D__TOT_E, A sum dev., A# sum dev., B sum dev., C sum dev., C# sum dev., Dsum dev., D# sum dev., E sum dev., F sum dev., F# sum dev., G sum dev., G# sum dev. of Liver Heat Symptom of Taeumin were significantly high compared with Esophagus Symptom of Taeumin. In Voice Recording time segment, Total Voice Recording Time, Voice Recording Time, Divide By Time3, Divide By Energy10, Total Unit, Max Unit Position, U_0 TO 3 of Liver Heat Symptom of Taeumin were significantly high compared with Esophagus Symptom of Taeumin. 3. Conclusion From above result, there is the postbility of efficiency quide constitutional sx. of Taeumin by Voice characteristics. More Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeyangin Symptoms are needed to determine Sasang Constitution using PSSC and to make PSSC effective.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.338-344
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the charateristics of Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin from the result of body Circumference ratio. In this study, 324 data of body circumference were measured by body composition analysis. We analyzed the body circumference ratio by Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin. Taeumin's body circumference were significantly higher than those of Soeumin and Soyangin. Soyangin's body circumference was significantly higher than that of Soeumin. Male Taeumin's muscle circumference were significantly higher than those of male Soyangin and male Soeumin. Female Taeumin's fat thickness were significantly higher than those of female Soyangin and female Soeumin. Male Soeumin's ratio of hip circumference and neck circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly higher than those of male Taeumin and male Soyangin. Male Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of male Soeumin and male Soyangin. Female Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference and chest circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of female Taeumin and female Soyangin. In body circumference ratio, Soyangin had no difference among Sasang Constitution. In body circumference ratio, male Soeumin had big lower area ratio and big upper area ratio to lower-middle area. Male Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area. Female Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area and upper-middle area.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2002

1. Purpose and Methode of study This study is that How to connect the characteristics of Sasang constitionion with Aptitude Test. To know the characteristics of each individual in modern times Generally, Psychological Aptitude Test is used. So, According to Sasang constitional groups classified with QSCC II, KIPAT occupation aptitude test ( total 55) and KAT-A aptitude test(total 260) was used. 2. Result of study 1) KIPAT occupation aptitude test rest of Sasang constitional groups Taeumin Group appeared high than another Group in investigative occupation and there is the significant difference between Taeumin Group and Soeumin Group Taeumin Group appeared high than another Group in technological occupation and there is the significant difference between Taeumin Group and Soyangin Group Taeumin Group appeared high than another Group in control aptitude and there is the significant difference between Taeumin Group and Soeumin Group Soyangin Group appeared high than another Group in instigation aptitude and progressive aptitude and there is the significant difference between Soyangin Group and Soeumin Group Soeumin Group appeared high than another Group in utility aptitude and there is the significant difference between Soeumin Group and Taeumin Group, between Soeumin Group and Soyangin Group. Soyangin Group appeared high than another Group in guilty conscience and there is the significant difference between Soyangin Group and Taeuwun Group. Soeumin Group appeared high than another Group in independence aptitude and there is the significant difference between Soeumin Group and Taeumin Group Taeumin Group appeared high than another Group in calculation ability and there is the significant difference between Taeunun Group and Soeumin Group 2) KAT-A aptitude test result of Sasang constitional groups Soyangin Group appeared high than another Group in vacabulary ability and there is the significant difference between Soyangin Group and Taeumin Group. When classified male and female, in the case of male, It showed that Soyangin Group is lower than Other Group in vacabulary ability and there is the significant difference between Soyangin Group and Taeumin Group , between Soyangin Group and Soeumin Group but there is no significant difference in the case of female.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2004

Puporse This study is intended to distinct of Taeumin chungsimyeonjatang on the Shinchukpan Dongyi Suse Bowon through compare with early books' prescription by studying use of Sanyak and Yeonjayuk. Method This study is reserch to use of Sanyak and Yeonjayuk in early books, Dongyi Suse Bowon-Sasang-chobonkyeon, Gapobon Dongyi Suse Bowon, Shinchukpan Dongyi Suse Bowon and Dongyibogam, Taepyungheymin-hwajegukbang in sequence of date. with this, we study a base of virtue of Taeumin chungsimyeonjatang. Result and conclusion 1. Taeumin chungsimyeonjatang is a prescription of treatment Gonscratia and CVA. 2. Taeumin chungsimyeonjatang is base on Chungsimyeonjaum in Dongyibogam. 3. The chief virtue of Taeumin chungsimyeonjatang is accord with all prescription after 1894's Gapobon Dongyi Suse Bowon.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 2006

1. Objective & Method The purpose of this study was to objectify the diagnosis of Sasang constitution. 163 children's voices were analyzed with 74 factors using PSSC-2004. 2. Results (1) In male children group, Taeumin's APQ4 was significantly low compared with the others. (2) In male children group, Taeumin's octave 5 & octave 6 were significantly low compared with the others. It was significant distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post hoc. (3) In male children group, Taeumin's Time Domain Total Sum / Time Domain Count & Frequency Domain Total Sum / count(0) were significantly low compared with the others. It was significant distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post hoc. (4) In male children group, Taeumin's 0k-2k total sum & 2k-4k total sum were significantly low compared with the others. It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post hoc. (5) In male children group, Taeumin's 2k-4k deviation was significantly low compared with the others. It was significant distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post hoc. (6) In male children group, Taeumin's D# Total Energy & F# Total Energy were significantly low compared with the others. It was significant distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post hoc. (7) In male children group, Taeumin's D# deviation & F# deviation were significantly low compared with the others. It was significant distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post hoc. (8) In female children group, Soyangin's center frequency (7) was significantly high compared with the others. It was significant distinction between Taeumin and Soyangin at the result of post hoc. 3. Coclusion With these results, we got some information for standardization of the clinical diagnosis guideline of Sasang constitutional type classification using PSSC-2004 in the Korean children