• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.185-189
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• 2023

Text to SPARQL은 지식 그래프 기반 질의응답의 한 형태로 자연어 질문을 지식 그래프 검색 쿼리로 변환하는 태스크이다. SPARQL 쿼리는 지식 그래프의 정보를 기반으로 작성되어야 하기 때문에 기존 언어 모델을 통한 코드 생성방법으로는 잘 동작하지 않는다. 이에 우리는 거대 언어 모델을 활용하여 Text to SPARQL를 해결하기 위해 프롬프트에 지식 그래프의 정보를 증강시켜주는 방법론을 제안한다. 이에 더하여 다국어 정보 활용에 대한 영향을 검증하기 위해 한국어, 영어 각각의 레이블을 교차적으로 실험하였다. 추가로 한국어 Text to SPARQL 실험을 위하여 대표적인 Text to SPARQL 벤치마크 데이터셋 QALD-10을 한국어로 번역하여 공개하였다. 위 데이터를 이용해 지식 증강 프롬프팅의 효과를 실험적으로 입증하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.146-151
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• 2010

For an application of ontology, query processing is mandatory field for efficient information search in the ontology. Other query processing systems tend to analyze only facts and to simply provide structural information for users. In fact, the systems do not have big difference with database systems or text based information processing systems. Therefore, in this research, the method which can provide the inferred information based on axioms is suggested in order to maximize reusability of ontology.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.79-96
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• 2008

One of the roles of the Semantic Web services is to execute dynamic intra-organizational services including the integration and interoperation of business processes. Since different organizations design their processes differently, the retrieval of similar semantic business processes is necessary in order to support inter-organizational collaborations. Most approaches for finding services that have certain features and support certain business processes have relied on some type of logical reasoning and exact matching. This paper presents our approach of using imprecise matching for expanding results from an exact matching engine to query the OWL(Web Ontology Language) MIT Process Handbook. MIT Process Handbook is an electronic repository of best-practice business processes. The Handbook is intended to help people: (1) redesigning organizational processes, (2) inventing new processes, and (3) sharing ideas about organizational practices. In order to use the MIT Process Handbook for process retrieval experiments, we had to export it into an OWL-based format. We model the Process Handbook meta-model in OWL and export the processes in the Handbook as instances of the meta-model. Next, we need to find a sizable number of queries and their corresponding correct answers in the Process Handbook. Many previous studies devised artificial dataset composed of randomly generated numbers without real meaning and used subjective ratings for correct answers and similarity values between processes. To generate a semantic-preserving test data set, we create 20 variants for each target process that are syntactically different but semantically equivalent using mutation operators. These variants represent the correct answers of the target process. We devise diverse similarity algorithms based on values of process attributes and structures of business processes. We use simple similarity algorithms for text retrieval such as TF-IDF and Levenshtein edit distance to devise our approaches, and utilize tree edit distance measure because semantic processes are appeared to have a graph structure. Also, we design similarity algorithms considering similarity of process structure such as part process, goal, and exception. Since we can identify relationships between semantic process and its subcomponents, this information can be utilized for calculating similarities between processes. Dice's coefficient and Jaccard similarity measures are utilized to calculate portion of overlaps between processes in diverse ways. We perform retrieval experiments to compare the performance of the devised similarity algorithms. We measure the retrieval performance in terms of precision, recall and F measure? the harmonic mean of precision and recall. The tree edit distance shows the poorest performance in terms of all measures. TF-IDF and the method incorporating TF-IDF measure and Levenshtein edit distance show better performances than other devised methods. These two measures are focused on similarity between name and descriptions of process. In addition, we calculate rank correlation coefficient, Kendall's tau b, between the number of process mutations and ranking of similarity values among the mutation sets. In this experiment, similarity measures based on process structure, such as Dice's, Jaccard, and derivatives of these measures, show greater coefficient than measures based on values of process attributes. However, the Lev-TFIDF-JaccardAll measure considering process structure and attributes' values together shows reasonably better performances in these two experiments. For retrieving semantic process, we can think that it's better to consider diverse aspects of process similarity such as process structure and values of process attributes. We generate semantic process data and its dataset for retrieval experiment from MIT Process Handbook repository. We suggest imprecise query algorithms that expand retrieval results from exact matching engine such as SPARQL, and compare the retrieval performances of the similarity algorithms. For the limitations and future work, we need to perform experiments with other dataset from other domain. And, since there are many similarity values from diverse measures, we may find better ways to identify relevant processes by applying these values simultaneously.