• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2005

A total of 179 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were collected from oyster mushroom substrates in Korea. On the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics, Trichoderma isolates were divided into seven groups, namely T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum, T. virens, and two unidentified species, referred to as Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2. The predominant species was Trichoderma sp. 2 (n=86) followed by Trichoderma sp. 1 (n=52). Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2 were morphologically distinct not only from the other species of Trichoderma reported but also from each other in the characteristics such as mycelial growth rate, colony appearance, shape of conidia and conidiophores and branching pattern of phialides, although branching pattern of phialides of Trichoderma sp. 1 was similar to that of T. harzianum. In virulence test, the degree for compost colonization of Trichoderma sp. 2 was significantly greater than that of the other Trichoderma species. Trichoderma sp. 2 was found to be the main cause of green mold disease in oyster mushroom production. More work including molecular characterization is needed to confirm the species of Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 1985

버섯 재배상(栽培床에)서 Trichoderma속(屬)을 분리, 동정하고 아울러 Trichoderma속(屬)이 생산하는 항생물질(抗生物質)이 느타리버섯균의 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 분리된 Trichoderma속(屬)은 Rifai의 검색표에 따라 동정한 결과 Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma koningii로 확인되었다. 2) 분리 동정된 Trichoderma속(屬) 중에서 Trichoderma viride(No. 10)이 느타리 버섯균 생육(生育)에 대한 저해율이 제일 높았다. 3) 각종 버섯균 중에서 Trichoderma viride(No. 10)에 의한 저해는 Pleurotus ostreatus와 Pleurotus sajor-caju가 제일 심했고 그 다음으로는 Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Auricularicula auricula순이었다. 4) 추출된 백색 침상 결정 항균력(抗菌力)은 각각 1/10의 농도와 500ppm의 농도에서 cycloheximide $100{\sim}200ppm$의 항균력(抗菌力)에 해당하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 1984

1. 본 연구는 Trichoderma 종간 형태적 분류와 전기영동법을 이용한 가능성에 관하여 연구하였다. 2. 전기영동법을 이용한 Trichoderma의 enzyme patterms에서 각 종의 특징적 band를 갖고 있어 종의 분류에 가능성을 보였으며 개체간 band 형성에 차이가 있는 것은 유전학적 변이가 종내 존재하며 전기영동법을 종내 유전학 연구에 도움이 되리라 간주된다. 3. Trichoderma spp.의 분류는 esterase, protein patterns으로 명확하게 6종간 구별되며 phosphotase, catalase patterns으로는 6종간 부분적 구분이 되었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 1984

Seasonal and spatial variations in propagule numbers of Trichoderma species were investigated every other month for one year in deciduous and coniferous forest soils and evaluated the relationships of Trichoderma spp. populations to soil environmental factors. The total population of Trichoderma spp. increased until summer and then declined until winter. The yearly mean frequency of Trichoderma spp. exceeded 1.4% of total fungal propagules in two sites. Decreases of absolute an relative propagule numbers of Trichoderma spp. with increasing soil depth were found and variation in Trichoderma spp. propagules caused by differences in soil depth ($0{\sim}50cm$) was greater than that caused by differences in sampling time. The most common species occurring in two sites was T. viride, followed by T. polysporum, T. koningii, and T. hamatum. Individual species of Trichoderma showed diferent abundance trend in accordance with sampling time. T. viride was dorminant from spring to autumn, while T. polysporum dominated over the other speicies in winter. Variations in propagule number of Trichoderma sppp. were principally mediated by the actions of biotic environmental factors rather than by the direct effects of abiotic factors. In multiple-regression analyses, 48% of the total vaiation in Trichoderma spp. propagules in deciduous site could be accounted for by total fungal propagules and soil CMCase actvity. In coniferous site, 65% of total variation could be accounted for by total fungal and bacterial propagules, moisture content and organic carbon content.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1157-1162
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• 2017

The goal of this study was to identify and characterize selected Trichoderma isolates by metabolic profiling and enzyme assay for evaluation of their potential as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. Trichoderma isolates were obtained from the Rural Development Administration Genebank Information Center (Wanju, Republic of Korea). Eleven Trichoderma isolates were re-identified using ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. ITS sequence results showed new identification of Trichoderma isolates. In addition, metabolic profiling of the ethyl acetate extracts of the liquid cultures of five Trichoderma isolates that showed the best anti-Phytophthora activities was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Metabolic profiling revealed that Trichoderma isolates shared common metabolites with well-known antifungal activities. Enzyme assays indicated strong cell wall-degrading enzyme activities of Trichoderma isolates. Overall, our results indicated that the selected Trichoderma isolates have great potential for use as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 1986

Intra and interspecfic fusants were produced by the protoplast fusion of auxotrophic mutants from Trichoderma koningii ATCC 26113 and Trichoderma reesei QM 9414. It was found that 0.6M $MgSO_4\;and\;0.6M\;NH_4Cl$ was the best osmotic stabilizer for the preparation of protoplasts from the mycelium of T. koningii and T. reesei respectively. However, $MgSO_4$ was the most suitable one for the regeneration of the protoplasts from both species. The intraspecific protoplast fusion frequencies between the auxotrophic mutants from T. reesei were $1.8{\times}10^{-2}\;to\;5.1{\times}10^{-1}$. Interspecific protoplast fusion frequencies between the auxotrophic mutants from T. koningii and T. reesei were $3.6{\times}10^{-3}$\;to\;8.4{\times}10^{-2}. Interspecific complementing fusants, however, were not alwats produced. Fusants obtained from interspecific potoplast fusion were spontaneously segregated into various strains including parental types, non-parental auxotrophic hybrids, and prototrophic hybrids on complete plate. Interspecific hybrids revealed to have partially enhanced celluloytic activities.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2006

마늘 흑색썩음균핵병균 (Sclerotium cepivrum, Sclerotium sp.)에 대하여 생물적 방제제 Trichoderma harzianum 23 WP와 Bacillus subtilis 122 WP를 제제화하였다. 2003 년에 포장시험결과에서 태안지역은 남도마늘의 흑색썩음균핵 병균 (Sclerotium cepivrum)에 Trichoderma harzianum 23 WP 와 Bacillus subtilis 122 WP를 습분의 처리한 결과는 무처리 10.9% 비하여 4.1% 와 6.2%로 병 발생이 감소하였다. 서산지역은 서산종 마늘의 흑색썩음균핵병균 (Sclerotium sp.)에 Trichoderma harzianum 23 WP 와 Bacillus subtilis 122 WP를 습분의 처리한 결과는 무처리 17.8% 비하여 1.2% 와 2.6%로 병 발생이 감소하였다. 마늘수량은 두 지역에서 무처리에 비하여 증수되었다. 그러므로 Trichoderma harzianum 23 WP 와 Bacillus subtilis 122 WP는 마늘 흑색썩음병에 생물농약으로서 방제가능성을 나타내었다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.127.1-127
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• 2003

We describe two new Trichoderma species associated with oyster mushroom in Korea. Trichoderma green mould has been one of the most serious diseases of oyster mushroom in Korea. Of these the predominant species are two unrecorded species. We designed as Trichoderma sp. Korean type 1 (Th K1) and Trichoderma sp. Korean type 2 (Th K2), respectively. Th K1 and Th K2 can be distinguished from previously reported Trichoderma species as well as each other in morphological characteristics including growth rate at 35$^{\circ}C$, colony morphology, conidia shape and branch pattern of phialides. Sequence of the ITS region of rDNA, the protein coding translation elongation factor gene(EF-1${\alpha}$), and RNA polymeraseII (RPB2) not only clearly separated Trichoderma sp. Korean types from their closely related T. harzianum biotype but also distinguished them from each other. Analyses of the EF-1${\alpha}$ and RPB2 sequences were found to be more useful for establishing systematic relationships among Trichoderma isolates than those of the ITS sequence. Based on the results of morphological and molecular characteristics. We propose the two Trichoderma sp. Korean types as the new species

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.54-57
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• 2001

Field studies were conducted over two seasons during the summers of 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effects of different spatial arrangements(random or highly aggregated) of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and alginate pellet types(bran or polyethylene glycol) on colonization of sclerotia by Trichoderma spp. Treatment with alginate pellets increased the mean percentages of sclerotia colonized by Trichoderma spp. in both years. Distribution patterns of sclerotia affected the mean percentage of sclerotia colonized by Trichoderma spp. in both years, indicating that a highly aggregated distribution of sclerotia was more favorable to colonization by Trichoderma spp. The effects of the different pellet types(bran or PEG) were not siginificant in both years(P>0.05). The application of higher densities(200 pellets per 1 $m^2$) of alginate pellets resulted in higher mean percentages of sclerotia colonized by Trichoderma spp. in 1998(P<0.05), but did not in 1997.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2011

Trichoderma spp.는 white biotechnology에서 이용되는 대표적인 미생물로서 이들이 강력하게 분비 생산하는 효소들은 산업적으로 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 amylase, pectinase, cellobiohydrolase 및 xylanase 분비활성이 높은 것으로 밝혀진 Trichoderma sp. KACC 40541균주에 대한 Agrobacterium이용 형질전환을 수행하였으며 균주개량을 위한 효율적인 유전자도입 방법을 제시하였다. 특히 형질전환을 위하여서는 균사체에 대한 적정 농도의 NaOH처리가 매우 효과적임을 보여주었다.