• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.763-770
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mental healthlevel,usual lifestyle, and thelevelofsubjectivesymptoms of some adults. Methods: From 17 September-28 November 2017, 260 adults living in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon comple tedaquestionnaireconsistingofgeneral characteristics (6 items), mental health level (14 items), usual lifestyle (9 items), and subjective symptoms level (9 items) on a 5-point scale. Results: In the mental health level, there was a significant difference in sex, age, marital status, education level, andexistenceofstress, and there were differences in age, marital status, occupation, and existence of stress in usual lifestyle. There were statistically significant differences in age, marital status, occupation, and existenceofstress in the subjective symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop a program that can be applied in parallel with counseling therapy related to mental health during the clinical treatment of temporomandibular disorders.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2016

This study was performed to develop questionnaire of cold-heat pattern identification(PI) based on usual symptoms for general people, and we analyzed reliability of the questionnaire. We reviewed cold-heat PI questionnaire of advanced research and selected twenty-three items through three time experts meeting. Three hundred and fifty nine healthy subjects were joined in this study. As a results, Cronbach's α of cold-heat PI questionnaire was 0.79 and 0.83. According to the factor analysis about fifteen-chosen cold-heat PI questionnaires, each cold-heat consisted of two factors and each Convergence was 56.46% and 65.93%. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient was 0.67-0.83. Based on the median of samples of primary source, we classified subjects into four category as Cold, Heat, No Cold-Heat, and Cold-heat complex. We examined agreement of diagnosis and coefficient of kappa, and agreement rate of diagnosis was 64.2%, and coefficient of kappa was 0.51. Based on research result, we expect that validity study about questionnaire of cold-heat PI based on usual symptoms will be continued, and hope to be used as subsidiary diagnosis in clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of listening to music in inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia, on their auditory hallucinations, and positive and negative symptoms. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design with $2{\times}2$ cross-over trial and convenience sample was used. Eleven patients (Group AB) listened to music followed by a wash out period and then a usual care period, and 12 patients (Group BA) had a usual care period followed by a wash out period and then listened to music. For one week those who were in the experimental period listened to individualized music using an MP3 player whenever they heard hallucinations. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of auditory hallucinations after listening to the music. There was a decrease in the mean scores for positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and general psychopathology after listening to music, but only negative symptoms showed a statistically significant decrease. The treatment effects on scores for positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and general psychopathology were greater in Group BA than Group AB. Conclusion: These findings suggest that listening to music may be useful for managing auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia inpatients.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2020

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and depressive symptoms among Korean adults. This study also explored the mediating role of self-rated health (SRH) and perceived usual stress (PUS) in the association between depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and SHS exposure. Methods Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) in 2014 and 2016 was analyzed for 10539 participants aged 19 years or older. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in the logistic regression analysis with adjustment for the potential confounding factors. We also adopted the mediation analysis method by Hayes and Preacher. Results After adjusting for the potential confounding factors, SHS at home and at public places were associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among non-smokers. After adjusting for the potential confounding factors, SHS at home and at public places was associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among non-smokers. Meanwhile SHS at workplaces was associated with depressive symptoms among former smokers and with suicidal ideation among current smokers. There was an additive effect of SHS on depressive symptoms only among non-smokers. SRH mediated the association between SHS and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among non-smokers. We did not observe any significant mediating effect of SRH nor PUS on the association between SHS and depressive symptoms among former and current smokers. Conclusions SHS may be associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in Korean adults. Our study elucidated how SHS interacted with depressive symptoms among non-smokers through the mediation by SRH.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 2021

Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the association between the sleep pattern, chronotype (midpoint of sleep on free days) and the depressive symptoms in adults aged 19 years and over in Korea. This study also investigated the mediating effect of perceived usual stress (PUS) and self-rated health (SRH) on the association between chronotype and depressive symptoms. Methods Among the subjects of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016 and 2018, 16142 adults aged 19 or over responded to the survey and finally 8604 were analyzed according to the exclusion conditions. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to see the risk of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation over sleep pattern, chronotype. Finally, mediation analysis was performed in order to clarify how PUS and SRH are associated to chronoytpe and depression. Results After controlling for potential covariates, weekly sleep duration < 5 hours, ≥ 10 hours was associated with depressive symptoms. And late bed time sleeping after am 1:00 and later midpoints of sleep was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms. Additionally, the PUS and SRH between chronotype and depressive symptoms showed a serial multiple mediation effect. Conclusions Short or long sleep duration, late bed time and later midpoints of sleep on free days are associated with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the mechanism between chronotype and depressive symptoms needs to be further clarified by identifying the serial multiple mediation effects of PUS and SRH.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.74-99
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of Socheongryong-tang(SCRT) for allergic rhinitis(AR). Methods : We searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that used SCRT for AR in 8 databases(PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CiNii Articles, OASIS, NDSL, KISS, KMbase) from their inception until August 2019. The primary outcome was effective rate and scores evaluating the improvement of AR symptoms. The secondary outcome was quality of life scale, adverse events, recurrence rate, and laboratory indicators. Two researchers assessed the risk of bias in the included trials through the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool independently. The study synthesized outcomes using RevMan 5.3. Results : Eighteen RCTs involving 1686 participants were included in this review. The risk of bias was unclear for the majority of the included studies. Meta-analysis of 12 RCTs showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the SCRT group and usual care group in the effective rate(RR 1.18, 95% CI(0.98, 1.41), p=0.09, I²=46%). Meta-analysis of 5 RCTs showed that the combination treatment group of SCRT and usual care was significantly higher than the usual care group in the effective rate(RR 1.24, 95% CI(1.12, 1.38), p<0.0001, I²=0%). The SCRT group was more effective in improving nasal symptoms and quality of life than the placebo group according to one RCT. Mild adverse events such as dry mouth were identified in 5 RCTs, but no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion : This review showed that in terms of the effective rate for AR, there was no statistically significant difference between SCRT and usual care and the combination treatment of SCRT and usual care was more effective than usual care. There were no serious adverse events. However, it is difficult to make a definite conclusion because of few included studies and heterogeneity between studies, and the quality of included studies was mostly insufficient. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 2011

This study was conducted to survey the subjective symptoms of workers and users in selected 5 public facility groups(offices, performance halls, private crammers, wedding halls and indoor sports facilities), located in Seoul, Daejeon and Chungnam Province. Overall as subjective symptoms that were worse at public facilities than those usual, following responses appeared: I have a headache, My eyes are dry or feel irritated or itching, I feel eyestrain or my eyes are bloodshot, My nose was stuffy, I have a cough, I feel dry in the throat or inflammation happens, I feel oppressed in the breast or sometimes have difficulty in breathing, My skin gets dry, My skin is itching or has some spots, I feel like vomiting, I feel easily tired or sleep, I lose my concentration and I feel my memory is falling, I feel dizzy, I feel depressed, I feel being sharp and feel tension, I feel muscular pain or stiffness on shoulders, back and neck. Also, we compare with normal subjective symptoms scores and subjective symptoms scores in public facilities. The highest subjective symptoms score in at normal was my skin gets dry(2.35 points) and subjective symptoms score in public facilities was I feel eyestrain or my eyes are bloodshot(2.61 points).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.466-473
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• 2016

This study intended to find out the most substantial items in cold and heat pattern identification(CHPI) questionnaire based on usual symptoms through CHPI diagnosis and evaluation by experts. 120 participants, faculties of OO university, filled out CHPI questionnaire based on usual symptoms by the way of self-reporting. Then 2 Korean Medicine doctors independently diagnosed them whether they belonged to cold pattern identification(PI) or heat PI, and scored the result of it. Pearson correlation of 2 experts was 0.649 in cold PI and 0.605 in heat PI. Agreement was 75.8%(Kappa value 0.516) in cold PI and 74.2%(Kappa value 0.465) in heat PI. Pearson correlation of 2 experts was 0.649 in cold PI and 0.605 in heat PI. Agreement between two experts was 75.8%(Kappa value 0.516) in cold PI and 74.2%(Kappa value 0.465) in heat PI. Items of high correlation with experts' evaluation followed next: "do not usually like the cold", "usually like the warm", "usually feel cold" in cold PI and "do not usually like the hot", "usually feel hot", "usually feel burning sensation in the body" in heat PI. We could infer from that facts that experts give weight on 'subjective feeling of cold or heat in participants body' and 'preference on sensation of cold and heat'. We also expect this study to be an epidemiological foundation to disclose correlation between usual CHPI and diseases.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2010

Purpose: This study sought to provide basic information for the establishment of home care nursing system in cancer patients. Methods: Data were collected by the descriptive questionnaires consisting of 42 articles from five fields of nursing services. Patient's symptoms were investigated by the Korean version of EORTC QLQ-C30. Data were analysed using SPSS-PC 12.0. Results: Among the cancer patients (n=182), 40.1% had serious limitations on their usual lives. 74.7% had serious economic burdens. 79.7% agreed strongly with the necessity of home care nursing system, 74.2% were willing to use home care nursing, and 91.2% felt that home care nursing should be mandatory in cancer centers. There was no correlation between the frequency of symptoms or nursing items and the degree of home care nursing requirements. Digestive symptoms, symptoms requiring procedures, and symptoms to meet educational help displayed a high degree of requirement. Conclusion: Home care nursing should be activated for cancer patients as a bridge between hospital-based acute care and community-based chronic care which could increase the quality of care and reduce insurance related payments.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.49-56
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare the changes before and after constitutional acupuncture treatment in soyangin who received embedding therapy for wrinkle improvement. Methods A retrospective study reviewing medical records was conducted. The patient was classified as a Soyangin by a specialist based on K-PRISM, personality, appearance, voice and usual symptoms. Records on the degree of wrinkles, postoperative symptoms, and patient satisfaction were reviewed. Results The patient's wrinkles were improved after the embedding therapy. After therapy symptoms were fever, flushing, and burning sensation. After acupuncture, these symptoms were reduced. Patient satisfaction increased after constitutional acupuncture treatment. Conclusion As a result of embedding treatment in Soyangin patients, there was an effect of wrinkle improvement. As a result of constitutional acupuncture treatment, anxiety and stress were reduced before the procedure, and symptoms of heat, burning, and flushing were reduced after the procedure.