• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.215-220
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• 2017

Xanthium strumarium L. is an annual plant belongs to the family Asteraceae which is is called a 'Cocklebur' that is used for medicinal purposes. Convergent phyto-activity of various extracts of Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) was examined. We estimated antioxidant activity from ground part and fruit extract of X. strumarium using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and ABTS assay. The extract of X. strumarium was separated each fraction that of ethanol, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate. It showed potent radical scavenging effect against the DPPH radical and ABTS. The study revealed that X. strumarium could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.288-292
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• 2002

Crude extract of Xanthium strumarium inhibited mycelial growth and zoospore germination of Phytophthora drechsleri, the causal agent of Atractylis rot, in vitro. Fresh sap from X. strumarium at 50-fold dilution was highly effective in controlling the disease Incidence in pot and field trials. Purified extracts from cocklebur Inhibited mycelial growth and zoospore germination in vitro at a concentration of 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and 15.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. Hyphal tips affected by the compound showed malformation. The antifungal compound puri- fied fromX. strumarium was identified as 4-oxo-1 (5), 2,11, (13)-xanthatriene-12,8-olide, known as "deacetyl xanthumin".min".uot;.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity Xanthium strumarium L. extract against bacteria causing eye disease and to examine the possibility as a natural preservative on behalf of synthetic preservatives which are added to the contact lens solution. Methods: Antibacterial activity of Xanthium strumarium L. extract against the bacteria causing eye disease was assessed using agar diffusion method, and determined by whether clear zone was formed around paper disc and in terms of the size(mm) of clear zone.Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used in the study. Results: Xanthium strumarium L. extract provided activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 40050 in a concentration of $1000{\mu}g/20{\mu}l$with an clear zone of 11.5 mm. Moreover, Xanthium strumarium L. extract showed an activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCCM 11803 in a concentration of $1000{\mu}g/20{\mu}l$with an clear zone of 9.0 mm, and against Pseudomonas fluorescens KCCM 40223 with an clear zone of 7.0 mm. Conclusions: Antibacterial activity of Xanthium strumarium L. extract against the bacteria causing eye disease was proved. This result suggests that Xanthium strumarium L. extract can be a potential natural preservative, which is added to contact lens solution.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 2005

In the courses of in vitro screening for the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of the various extracts from medicinal plants, n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium was found to exhibit distinctive angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification of the n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium afforded a new $xanthiazone-11-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$. The ACE activity was significantly inhibited by the addition of a new $xanthiazone-11-{\beta}-glucopyranosidein$ a dose-dependent manner of which $IC_{50}$ value was $21.8\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.82-93
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• 2008

Objective: Previously, the methanol extracts of the semen of Xanthium strumsrium could involved anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264,7 cells, We evaluated the anti-allergic effects of X. strumarium on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, Methodes : To investigate the effect of X. strumarium on the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187-induced RBL-2H3 cells. The effects of X. strumarium on the degranulation and the pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and expression from RBL-2H3 cells were evaluated with $\beta$-hexosaminidase assay, ELISA, and RT-PCR analysis, In addition, we examined the effects of X. strumarium on nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ activation and $I{\kappa}B-\alpha$ degradation using Western blot analysis. Results : X. strumarium inhibited degranulation and secretions and expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha ($TNF-\alpha$), interleukin (IL)-4 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, on stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, however, X. strumarium not affect cell viability. In stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, the protein expression level of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) was decreased in the nucleus by X. strumarium. In addition, X. strumarium suppressed the degradation of inhibitory protein $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ protein in RBL-2H3 cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that X. strumarium inhibits the degranulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines through blockade of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and I $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.324-328
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• 2003

In a mutagenicity test using the Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, the Xanthium strumarium L. extracts had not a mutagenicity. The extracts were assayed that antioxidative effect using a colony formation assay. The extracts showed protective effects against the cytotoxicity of H$_2$O$_2$ and increased the immunity induced by TNF and IL-1${\beta}$. The modulating effect of Xanthium strumarium L. extract on the induction of carcinogenesis by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin (MNNG), was investigated in Wistar rats. The GSH content was found to be reduced by MNNG treatment, but increased on adding extract. In addition the Xanthium strumarium L. extract increased p53 expression versus MNNG alone.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.609-614
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• 2013

This study was carried out in order to investigate the functional properties of methanol extracts from two parts (root and fruit) of Xanthium strumarium by means of measuring the contents of total polyphenols and flavonoid as well as determining $ABTS{\cdot}^+$, DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (OH${\cdot}$) and anticancer activity. The examination of physiologically active substances in the two parts revealed that the Xanthium strumarium fruit had high total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, $ABTS{\cdot}^+$ DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The Xanthium strumarium fruit has higher activities of anticancer activities on prostate cell lines compared to other cancer cell lines.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 1995

MeOH extract of the leaves of Xanthium strumarium L. were found to have cytotoxic activities against five human tumor cell lines. Cytotoxicity-guided chromatographic fractionation led to the isolation of the ${\alpha}-methylene$ containing sesquiterpenes, xanthatin, 8-epi-xanthatin and 8-epi-tomentosin. 8-epi-Xanthatin was found to be far more cytotoxic than 8-epi-tomentosin, which lacks the conjugated enone moiety present in 8-epi-xanthatin.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.244-250
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• 2010

This study characterized the anti-Helicobactor pylori activity of Xanthium strumarium L. extract obtained by lactic acid fermentation. The growth of the Lactobacillus strains was typically robust upon lactic acid production in monocultures containing Xanthium strumarium L. extract. Lactic acid fermentation in mixed cultures of Lactobacillus brevis KCTC 3498 and Lactobacillus casei KCTC 3109 produced higher of anti- H. pylori activity than monocultures. Concerning antioxidant activity of fermented extracts, total polyphenol contents were the highest in co-cultures of Lactobacillus brevis KCTC 3498 and Lactobacillus helveticus KCTC 3545. Electron donating ability using diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) showed 70% scavenging in Lactobacillus casei KCTC 3109.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.792-796
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• 2004

In the courses of in vitro screening for the antioxidant effect of the various extracts from medicinal plants, n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium was found to exhibit distinctive antioxidant activity. Further purifications of this extract as guided by in vitro antioxidant assay afforded caffeic acid and 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, which scavenged 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical in a dose-dependent manner of which IC50 values were 23.4 μg/ml (132.9 μM) and 29.8 μg/ml (57.9 μM), respectively.