• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.5 no.1 s.8
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• pp.171-180
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• 2002

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop and activate the methods of using the arsenic compounds as the anti-cancer medicine. Methods: We investigated some literatures on the using methods, the effects for anti-cancer, and the toxicity of the arsenic compounds. Results: The results are summarized as follows. 1. As is the one of the nitrogen familIy(5A familly). 2. The Arsenic compounds which have been used as the one of the oriental medicine are the Arsenicum Sulbimatum($As_2O_3$) and the Realgar(AsS). 3. As+ 3 is more toxic than the other arsenic compounds. The fatal amount is 100-300 mg. So, it is used 1-5 mg/day as a medicine. 4. The Arsenicwn Sulbimatum($As_2O_3$) and the Realgar(AsS) are used after the heat treatment or the boiling with the acetic acid. 5. The gastrointestinal tract, vessel, and respiration are affected by the acute toxicity of the arsenic compounds. 6. The arsenic compounds are good for the dermatosis and the malignant cancer, especially the acute promyelocytic leukcrnia(APL). we should study the reason of these and the different effect in concentration, also develop new methods of using the the arsenic compounds as getting rid of their toxicity.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.176-183
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• 2013

The variation of the stable region of arsenic compounds in aqueous environment with temperature has been investigated by constructing the Pourbaix diagram of arsenic at different temperatures. The standard potential corresponding to the boundary between arsenic compounds with different charge valence was estimated to be decreased with temperature, which means the stability of arsenic compound with +5 charge valence increases. The distribution diagram of the most highly oxidized arsenic compound showed that arsenic acid is formed at higher pH and arsenate is generated at lower pH as temperature rises. The aquatic toxicity due to arsenic compounds was considered to be decreased with temperature in the neutral pH condition based on the $LD_T$ value defined in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.659-663
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• 2005

Many studies have been conducted to develop new technologies for arsenic removal and to reveal the levels of arsenic and other chemicals in rivers, lakes and ground waters. However, there are few studies dealing with such compounds in the total water system of the city, and the way of management of these compounds in the water system. Because the occurrence of these hazardous compounds, which are geological origins, is almost impossible to control, it is very important to manage these compounds in the water system. In this research, it was revealed that the risk of arsenic in the water treatment system of S city in Japan. As a results, the parameters such as Q in river and E260 in drinking water treatment plant is proposed as a new indicator with simple and rapid method for controling arsenic level.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1050-1054
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• 2005

Recently, arsenic compounds were considered as novel agents for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and malignant tumors. However, it showed severe toxicity effect on normal tissue at the same time. In this study, to investigate the possible molecular mechanism (s) of arsenic compounds as candidate of anti-cancer drugs, we compared the abilities of two arsenic compounds, tetraarsenic oxide $(AS_4O_6)$ and arsenic trioxide (diarsenic oxide, $As_2O_3$), to induce cell growth inhibition as well as apoptosis induction in A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Both $As_4O_6\;and\;As_2O_3$ treatment declined the cell growth and viability of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was associated with induction of G1 arrest of the cell cycle and apoptotic cell death. However, $As_4O_6$ induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in A549 cells at much lower concentrations than $As_2O_3.\;As_4O_6$ down-regulated the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, however, the levels of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, were up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, $As_4O_6$ might be a new arsenic compound which may induce apoptosis in A549 cells by modulation the Bcl-2 family and deserves further evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.350-353
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• 2004

in order to develop a new technique for the removal of arsenic compoundsfrom acidified water, the removal of arsenic compounds by an acidophilic moss, Jungermannia vulcanicola Steph. was investigated in this study. The result of vial tests for arsenic removal is dependent on the biological activity of moss. The presence of phosphate inhibited the arsenic removal. And the acclimatization of moss by the media containing arsenic increased the its capability of arsenic remova.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.163.1-163.1
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• 2003

Arsenic is a ubiquitous element that ranks 20th in abundance in the earth's crust, 14th in the sea water, and is a component of several hundred minerals. Arsenic and its compounds are mobile in the environment. Groundwater contamination by arsenic is a serious threat to mankind all over the world and it can also enter food chain. Humans are exposed to this toxic arsenic from air, food and water. (omitted)

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.13 no.3_4
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• pp.95-104
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• 1998

INTRODUCTION : Arsenic is a ubiquitous element present in various compounds throughout the earth's crust. The use of arsenic compounds increased greatly during the 18th and 19th centuries, including its use in pigments and dyes, as a preservative of animal hides, in glass manufacture, agricultural pesticides, and various pharmaceutical substances. The causal association between human arsenic exposure, usually in the form of inorganic compounds containing trivalent arsenite (As$^{III}$) or pentavalent arsenate (As$^V$), and various forms of human cancer has been known for many years.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.67-75
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• 1999

It is difficult to remedy tailings and soils including arsenic because arsenic compounds show anionic behaviour in natural condition and have chemical diversity by Eh/pH. This study was carried out to develop immobilization method of arsenic and iron in tailings and soils into ferric arsenate using hydrogen peroxide. According to experimental results, concentrations of arsenic and iron extracted from tailing of closed Gubong mine were reduced up to 84% and 93%, respectively. in this experiment. arsenic concentration decreased with an increase of hydrogen peroxide dosage. It was also showed that only 10% of arsenic and 20% of iron were extracted from the re-extraction experiments. Therefore, soil and tailing remedied by this method will be able to maintain long-time stability.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4185-4197
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• 2016

Chronic arsenicosis is a major environmental health hazard throughout the world, including India. Animals and human beings are affected due to drinking of arsenic contaminated ground water, due to natural mineral deposits, arsenical pesticides or improperly disposed arsenical chemicals. Arsenic causes cancer with production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are neutralized by an elaborate antioxidant defense system consisting of enzymes and numerous non-enzymatic antioxidants. Dietary antioxidant supplements are useful to counteract the carcinogenesis effects of arsenic. Oyster mushroom lectins can be regarded as ingredients of popular foods with biopharmaceutical properties. A variety of compounds have been isolated from mushrooms, which include polysaccharides and polysaccharopeptides with immune-enhancing effects. Lectins are beneficial in reducing arsenic toxicity due to anticarcinogenetic roles and may have therapeutic application in people suffering from chronic exposure to arsenic from natural sources, a global problem that is especially relevant to millions of people on the Indian subcontinent.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2014

Arsenic and its compounds which is one of the most toxic elements that can be found naturally on earth in small concentrations are used in the production of pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides. Most arsenic that cannot be mobilized easily when it is immobile is also found in conjunction with sulfur in minerals such as arsenopyrite (AsFeS), realgar, orpiment and enargite. In this investigation we observed the leaching of arsenic in soils amended with several levels of gravel size of arsenopyrite collected from a road construction site. Soil and gravel size of arsenopyrite were characterized by chemical and mineralogical analyses. Results of XRF analysis of arsenopyrite indicated that the proportion of arsenate was 0.075% (wt $wt^{-1}$) while the maximum amount of arsenic in soil samples was 251.3 mg $kg^{-1}$. Cumulative amounts of effluent collected from the bottom of the soil column for different mixing rate of the gravel were gradually increased where proportion of the gravel mixed was greater than 70% whereas the effluent was stabilized to the maximum after approximately 45 pore volumes of effluent or greater were collected. The arsenic in the effluent was recovered from the soil columns in which the proportion of arsenopyrite gravel was 60% or greater. The total amount of arsenic recovered as effluent was increased with increasing proportion of gravel in a soil, indicating that the arsenic in the effluent was closely related with gravel fraction of arsenopyrite.