• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of bST administration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing Korean native bulls. Fifty four Korean native bulls of about 14 months of age weighting an average 420 kg were assigned to receive no injection of bST, 250 mg of bST s.c. injection every week, or 500 mg bST s.c. injection every 2 weeks (Control, 250ST, 500ST) in a $3{\times}3$ randomized block design for a period of 20 weeks Animals administered with bST responded with decreased feed DMI by 8%(p < 0.01), increased ADG by 12%(p < 0.05), and increased gain/feed ratio by 20%(p < 0.01). But there was no significant difference in the growth performance between 250ST and 500ST. Administration of bST increased dressing percentage by 1.8%(p < 0.05), and tended to increase longissimus muscle area and decrease backfat thickness and marbling score.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2007

Effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) on plasma hormonal concentration, embryo quality, and pregnancy rate were examined during the superovulation and synchronization treatment in donor and recipient cows. Hanwoos (Korean native beef cattle) were treated with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) combined with bST (CIDR+bST) or without bST (CIDR) as donor cows. The embryos recovered from donors were transferred into Holstein recipient heifers treated with bST (CIDR+bST) or without bST (CIDR) for synchronization. The correlation between IGF-I and P4 showed a positive pattern in the CIDR+bST group (r=0.44, p<0.01), but a negative pattern was shown in the CIDR group (r = -0.59, p<0.02) at day 7 of estrous cycles. Although the number of recovered, transferable, and degenerated embryos was not different, quantities of grade 1 (excellent) embryos in CIDR+bST group were significantly higher than those of the CIDR group (p<0.01). The pregnancy rate was higher in the CIDR+bST recipient group compared to CIDR group (p<0.05), when the embryos were recovered from the donors treated with CIDR. However, the pregnancy was maintained highly in both recipient groups, when the embryos were produced by CIDR+bST treated donors. It can be concluded that bST administration combined with CIDR is an effective method for superovulation and synchronization treatment to stabilize plasma hormonal levels, to obtain excellent quality of embryos, and to get higher pregnancy rate.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.98-98
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• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of leaves (ST-L) and branches (ST-B) from Sageretia theezans in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B significantly inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, iNOS, COX-2, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B blocked LPS-induced degradation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ and nuclear accumulation of p65, which resulted to the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B also attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, ST-L and ST-B increased HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells, and the inhibition of HO-1 by ZnPP reduced the inhibitory effect of ST-L and ST-B against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of p38 activation and ROS elimination attenuated HO-1 expression by ST-L and ST-B, and ROS elimination inhibited p38 activation induced by ST-L and ST-B. ST-L and ST-B dramatically induced nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, but this was significantly reversed by the inhibition of p38 activation and ROS elimination. Collectively, our results suggest that ST-L and ST-B exerts potential anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling activation, and activating HO-1 expression through the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 via ROS-dependent p38 activation. These findings suggest that ST-L and ST-B may have great potential for the development of anti-inflammatory drug to treat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2020

현대사회는 고지방의 서구화된 식사, 과도한 스트레스 등으로 비정상적인 혈액응고 및 과다한 혈소판 응집이 증가되고 있으며, 이로 인한 다양한 혈전성 질환 위험성도 증가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 제주 특용식물인 상동나무(Sageretia thea) 지상부의 항혈전 활성을 평가하기 위해 잎(ST-L), 줄기(ST-B), 열매(ST-F) 에탄올 추출물을 조제하고 이의 항혈전 활성, 인간 적혈구 용혈활성 및 flavonoids·phenolic acids 조성을 검토하였다. ST-B 추출물은 식용으로 이용되고 있는 ST-F 추출물보다 6.7배의 총 폴리페놀 함량을 보였으며, ST-L 추출물은 ST-F 추출물보다 2.7배 높은 총 플라보노이드 함량을 보였다. 혈액응고 저해활성 평가 결과, ST-F 추출물은 aPTT에서만 혈액응고시간 연장이 미약하게 나타났으나, ST-L 및 ST-B 추출물은 기존 항혈전제인 aspirin 및 베리류 및 한방 약재 추출물보다 트롬빈, 프로트롬빈, 응고인자들에 대해 강력한 저해활성을 나타내었다. 혈소판 응집저해 역시 ST-L 및 ST-B 추출물은 aspirin보다 우수한 응집저해 활성을 나타내었으며, 인간 적혈구에 대한 용혈활성은 1 mg/ml 농도까지 전혀 나타나지 않았다. ST-L 및 ST-B 추출물의 phenolic acid 및 flavonoids 분석결과, rutin, isoquercitrin 및 astragalin이 주요 활성물질로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 상동나무 잎과 줄기의 강력한 항혈전 활성의 최초 보고이며, 상동나무를 이용한 항혈전제 개발이 가능함을 제시하고 있다. 향후 상동나무에서 처음으로 확인된 isoquercitrin의 항혈전 기전에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2005

Road traffic noise has increasing broader effects on urban areas as well as rural areas because of rapidly increasing traffic volume and newly-constructed roads. 10 sites in building development areas were selected and the noise level were measured by the apartment floors and by the various block plans of apartment complex. Analysis result, about correction factor, in the case of right angle arrangement, apply - 2.5dB(A). In the case of apartment house correlation of each floor apply 1st floors 0dB(A), 2st floors 1.2dB(A), 3st floors 2.1dB(A), 4st floors 2.6dB(A), 5st floors 2.7dB(A), 6st floors 2.7dB(A), 7st floors 2.4dB(A), 8st floors 2.0dB(A), 9st floors 1.6dB(A), 10st floors 1.1dB(A), 13st floors 0.2dB(A), 15st floors 0.5dB(A). The level of road traffic noise in the arrangement construction of right angle was about 3.0dB(A) at N-4 point and 2.1dB(A) at N-6 point lower than that of a plan figure, respectively. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2003

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of exogenous bovine somatotropin on the mammary function in late lactating crossbred Holstein cows. Twelve 87.5% late lactating Holstein cows, approximately 30 weeks postpartum, were divided into two groups of 6 animals each. Animals in the control group were given sodium bicarbonate buffer by subcutaneous injection, while animals in the treated group were given recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) by subcutaneous injection with 500 mg of bST (14 day prolonged-release bST). After bST injection, milk yield significantly increased from the control level on day 8 to day 20 (p<0.05) with a concomitant increase in mammary blood flow (p<0.01). An increase in mammary blood flow in response to bST treatment was greater than an increase in milk production. An increased plasma concentration of IGF-I coincided with an increase in mammary blood flow in animals treated with bST. There were no significant changes in the concentration of arterial plasma glucose concentration, the arteriovenous concentration difference (A-V difference) and mammary extraction ratio while the mammary glucose uptake increased when compared to the control group. The concentration of arterial plasma triglyceride decreased throughout the experimental period in animals give bST. The plasma concentration of acetate, and the mammary uptake for acetate significantly increased (p<0.05) after bST treatment. The action of bST did not affect the plasma concentration, A-V difference and extraction ratio across the mammary gland for $\beta$-hydroxybutyrate. The concentrations of milk fat and lactose tended to increase during bST treatment. Milk protein concentration initially increased in the first few days and decreased after bST injection when compared to the pretreated period. The present results indicated that bST could affect the mammary function in late lactating cows by increase in milk yield involving changes in both extra-mammary and intra-mammary mechanisms. The exogenous bST exerted its galactopoietic action through an increase in circulating IGF-I of the late lactating Crossbred Holstein cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.404-413
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• 2008

Major objectives were to evaluate effects of three schemes of bST-supplementation of Holstein cows (142.8 mg/14 d, POSILAC) during the prepartum and/or postpartum periods through 63 d (${\pm}3d$) of lactation. Measures evaluated the potential of treatments to improve body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS), provoke changes in plasma concentrations of somatotropin (ST) and IGF-I, and improve milk yield, milk composition (percentages of protein and fat, and somatic cell counts), and several calving variables. Multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement of treatments (TRT) to give four groups (I = no bST, n = 26; II = bST postpartum, n = 25; III = bST prepartum, n = 27; IV = bST prepartum and postpartum, n = 25). During the prepartum period, cows in groups I and II were not supplemented but those in groups III and IV were supplemented every 2-wk beginning 21 d before expected calving date through calving. During the first 63 DIM only cows in groups II and IV were supplemented with bST. From 64 DIM through the end of lactation cows in all groups were supplemented with the full lactation dose of bST (500 mg/14 d). The BW and BCS were recorded weekly throughout the prepartum and postpartum periods and every 2-wk beyond 70 DIM. Blood samples were collected 3-times a week for analyses of ST and IGF-I. Milk yields were recorded daily though 150 DIM. Prepartum supplementation of bST did not affect BW or BCS, but mean concentrations of ST were increased 12.2% and were 15.5% greater at calving. Overall, mean concentration of IGF-I was not affected by treatment but concentrations were greater at 1 and 2 wk before calving in bST-supplemented cows. During the first 63 DIM the BW and BCS were not affected by treatment. Significant effects of bST-supplementation were detected on concentrations of ST, IGF-I and on milk yield compared to non-supplemented cows in group I. Postpartum concentrations of ST were greater in bST-supplemented cows (TRT II and IV; +41.9 and 54.6%). However, concentrations of IGF-I were greater only in cows in group IV (+25.9%) during the postpartum period. Overall, the three bST-supplemented groups had greater actual milk yield than the control group (I) during the first 63 and 150 DIM. The actual milk yields during 63 and 150 DIM were 6.5 and 4.6 kg/d greater for cows in group IV than cows in group I and the 305-d ME milk yield also was 15.6% greater. No adverse effects of TRT were observed on calf birth weight, colostrum immunoglobulins, ease of calving or other measures evaluated.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2016

목적: Bacillus cereus 는 암환자들에서 기회감염을 일으킬 수 있다. 2013년에서 2014년 기간 동안 삼성서울병원 소아 암 병동에서 B. cereus 균혈증의 급격한 증가가 관찰되었다. 이에 증가된 B. cereus 균혈증에 대해 분자역학적 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2001년 1월부터 2014년 6월까지의 기간 동안 B. cereus 균혈증이 발생한 소아 암 환자들을 확인하였다. 이번 연구에서 B. cereus 균혈증은, 오염여부와는 상관없이, 혈액배양검사에서 적어도 한번 이상 B. cereus 가 확인된 경우로 정의하였다. 획득 가능한 균주들에 대해 multilocus sequence typing (MLST) 분석을 시행하였고, 후향적 챠트 리뷰를 실시하였다. 결과: 연구 기간 동안 총 19명의 B. cereus 균혈증 환자가 확인되었다. 그러나, 2013년도에는 B. cereus 균혈증 환자가 급격하게 증가하였다. 또한, 응급실 공사 중이던 2013년 7월의 1주, 2013년 10월의 한주 동안 각각 3명의 환자가 발생하였다. 그러나 MLST 분석상 일정한 패턴이 없는, 다양한 sequence types (STs)들로 확인되었다. 2013년 이전의 5개의 균주들의 ST는 ST18, ST26, ST177, ST147-like type, ST219-like type이었고, 2013년도의 균주들의 ST는 ST18, ST73, ST90, ST427, ST784, ST34-like type, ST130-like type으로 확인되었다. 고찰: MLST 분석상 B. cereus 균주들의 다양한 ST 분포가 확인되었다. 이번 연구에서 단일 ST의 B. cereus 에 의한 균혈증 발생의 가능성은 낮아보인다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.784-793
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• 2004

Major objective was to evaluate three doses of bST (POSILAC(R)) injected into Holstein cows during the transition period and through 56 d of lactation for potential to improve DMI, BCS, BW, metabolites, hormones, IGF-I and milk production. Biweekly injections of bST (0, 5.1, 10.2, or 15.3 mg bST/d) began 28 d before expected parturition and continued through 56 d postpartum. Twenty-three of the 25 multiparous Holstein cows assigned randomly to four groups completed experiment (7, 5, 6 and 5 cows/group, respectively). The DMI, BW and BCS were recorded weekly throughout the prepartum and postpartum periods and blood samples were collected thrice weekly for analyses of ST, insulin, $T_{4}$, $T_{3}$, IGF-I, glucose and NEFA. Milk yields were recorded daily through 60 d postpartum and milk components measured once weekly. Mathematical model for data analyses for prepartum and postpartum periods included treatment, calving month, and the two-factor interaction. Cows injected with 10.2 and 15.3 mg bST prepartum had greater mean prepartum concentrations of ST and IGF-I. Prepartum injections of bST did not affect prepartum BW or BCS. On average, cows injected postpartum better maintained their BCS during first 60 d of lactation (3.15$\pm$0.06, 3.12$\pm$0.007, 3.20$\pm$0.006 and 3.58$\pm$0.009). Treatments did not affect mean prepartum DMI but cows injected with 15.3 mg bST/d had greatest DMI and greatest mean daily MY during the first 3 wk and tended to be greater during first 60 d of lactation. Cows injected with two highest bST doses (10.1 and 15.2 mg/d) had greater mean postpartum concentrations of ST and $T_{3}$, but IGF-I, $T_{4}$, glucose and NEFA did not differ across groups. No adverse effects of bST treatment were observed.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.61-64
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• 1995

The present study was conducted to examine the effect of recombinant bovine somatotrpin(${\gamma}$BST), which was administered to cow to promote milk production, on bST levels in milk. Fourteen cows were divided cows were divided into two groups: 1) control cows received neither ${\gamma}$bST nor vehicle, 2) treated cows were administered twice at two-week interval with 500 mg ${\gamma}$bST each cow byj after lst injection. Milk samples were taken on day 0 (prior to injection), day 7 (7 days after lst injection), day 21 (7 days after 2nd injection) and day 35 (21 days after 2nd injection). Milk bST concentration was measured by the radioimmunoassay method. There was no statistical difference(p<0.05) in milk bST levels between two groups showing bST levels in the range of 1.8 ng/m/ to 3.1 ng/m/. That is, ${\gamma}$bST administration did not increase bST levels in milk.