• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.338-344
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the charateristics of Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin from the result of body Circumference ratio. In this study, 324 data of body circumference were measured by body composition analysis. We analyzed the body circumference ratio by Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin. Taeumin's body circumference were significantly higher than those of Soeumin and Soyangin. Soyangin's body circumference was significantly higher than that of Soeumin. Male Taeumin's muscle circumference were significantly higher than those of male Soyangin and male Soeumin. Female Taeumin's fat thickness were significantly higher than those of female Soyangin and female Soeumin. Male Soeumin's ratio of hip circumference and neck circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly higher than those of male Taeumin and male Soyangin. Male Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of male Soeumin and male Soyangin. Female Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference and chest circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of female Taeumin and female Soyangin. In body circumference ratio, Soyangin had no difference among Sasang Constitution. In body circumference ratio, male Soeumin had big lower area ratio and big upper area ratio to lower-middle area. Male Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area. Female Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area and upper-middle area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.431-442
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• 2008

This study was to research the characteristics of the somatotype of Korean farmers. 836 Korean farmers(Male: 361 persons, Female: 475 persons) volunteered for this study. They volunteered from 9 different area such as Kumi, Damyang, Iksan, Injae, Chungju, Choongju, Haman, Whasung, and Whasoon. The reusults were as follows: 1. The subcutaneous body fat thickness were decreased as they aged(p<.05). 2. The thicker the subcutaneous body fat thickness of Korean farmer, the wider the circumference size by the Korean famer's physical parts(p<.05-p<.001). 3. There were no significant differences in the circumference size such as upper arm, chest, bust, waist, umbilical waist, hip, and calf between Korean farmers and Korean standard size. 4. Korean women farmer showed significantly differences in the upper arm circumference(p<.01), the chest circumference(p<.01), the bust circumference(p<.01), the waist circumference(p<.01), the umbilical waist circumference(p<.01), and the calf circumference(p<.05) from Korean women standard by ages. Especially, Korean women farmer had thicker the umbilical waist circumference(the 40's: 103.2mm, the 50's 52.3mm, the 60's 22.3mm, over 70's 22.1mm) than Korean women standard. 5. The 40's women farmer had thicker the upper arm circumference, the chest circumference, the bust circumference, the waist circumference, the umbilical waist circumference, and the calf circumference than Korean women standard. The 70's women farmer had skinner circumferences except the umbilical waist circumference than Korean women standard. 6. Korean farmers showed the crooked back shape, the broad-knee length and also front-bending knee shape as they aged.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.765-772
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this research was to aid creating an effective sizing system for the vacation wear intended for Jeju's medical tourists, specifically females from the major countries including the USA, Japan, and Korea. Background: Medical tourism makes the gains of every year 40,000,000,000 dollar, every year 30% it is increasing. Thus the Jeju-do is propelling medical tourism. The body size each country is different. Consequently must set the body size standard for the women. Method: (1) It observed the body size of the Korean women of 2004 years and 2010 years. (2) It analyzed the body size of the women of the USA, China, Japan and Korea. (3) It set the sizing system of the women of the USA(ASTM), China (GB), Japan(JIS) and Korea(KS). Results: Korean adult females' height in 2010 has increased from 2004. The Waist Back Length, Waist Front Length, Arm Length etc has also increased along with the Height. The upper body has become slimmer at the same time; the Chest Circumference, Bust Circumference, and Underbust Circumference have decreased. The lower body on the other hand has become bigger: the Waist Circumference and Hip Circumference have increased. The BMI has decreased by 0.4 from 2004 - the Height has increased while Weight has decreased. The Chest Circumference and Under Bust Circumference of Korean women across all age groups have increased at a proportional rate to other parts of body; however, the rate of increase in Chest Circumference was far greater. American females(Caucasians) had the greatest ratio of waist to bust (Waist Circumference/Chest Circumference), smallest ratio of Neck Base Circumference to Bust Circumference (neck/bust). Korean females had smallest ratio of Waist Circumference to Underbust Circumference(waist/bust). As for the drop of Chest Circumference and Waist Circumference, American females had the highest and Koreans had the lowest. As for the drop of Hip Circumference and Chest Circumference, Japanese had the highest and Americans had the lowest, but Japanese women at the same time showed the A line body shapes. As for difference of Chest Circumference and Underbust Circumference, American females had the biggest(13.73) followed by Korean(11.1), Japanese(10.9) and Chinese(10.5). Conclusion: The women of the USA, China, Japan and Korea body size is different. Especially the value of the Bust Circumference - the Underbust Circumference is different. Thus, it set the sizing system(Table 8).

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.981-991
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the pattern-making for Korean glove. To develop the pattern-making for glove this study comprehensive list of candidate hand data was reviewed and the manufacturers(career over th 15 years) were interviewed on the method of glove. The results of regression analysis(hand data) were as follows (unit: cm): wrist thumb tip length = middle finger length + 3.22, hand bread = 1.25 $\times$ middle finger length + 2.18, middle finger breadth at dist = 0.23 $\times$ index finger circumference + 0.4, maximum hand circumference = 3.15 $\times$ index finger circumference + 4.13, middle finger circumference = 0.91 $\times$ index finger circumference + 0.47, maximum hand thickness = 0.69 $\times$ index finger circumference -0.02. Hand measurements for glove pattern-making were developed: There were palmar hand length, hand circumference, index finger circumference and middle finger length.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.347-353
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify whether neck circumference might be correlated with other obesity indices and to determine the neck circumference cutoff level for obesity in female college students. Method: The data were obtained by measuring other anthropometric indices including BMI and neck circumference from 325 female college students in J city, Chungbuk Province. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve(ROC curve) analysis was used to find the optimal neck circumference cutoff level against BMI $25kg/m^2$. Results: The mean BMI was $21.4kg/m^2$, and the prevalence of obesity was 12.6%. Neck circumference was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, % body fat, triceps skinfold thickness, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Neck circumference of 31.95cm was the best cutoff level for determining female students with a BMI over $25kg/m^2$, and the characteristic was acceptable with 97.6% sensitivity and 85.6% specificity. Conclusions: Neck circumference was strongly correlated with the other conventional obesity indices. Female college students with neck circumference over 31.95cm require an additional evaluation of obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.112-125
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• 2012

This study researches the preferred ease of torso sloper according to body sizes and drop. For this, the eases of main body parts such as chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, biacromion length, and waist back length were analysed; in addition, the drop differences of body and pattern were explored to find out characteristics of silhouette changes. The subjects were 55 women in their early 20s (aged from 20 to 24) and individual torso block made with muslin was corrected 1-3 times by a personal fitting. There were 3 meaningful results. First, the preferred ease were individually various; however, the eases of all torso blocks should be same at the pattern making step. Second, the eases were also significantly different among body size groups and the bigger group preferred less ease at the biacromion length, waist back length, armhole-depth, chest circumference, and waist circumference. Third, the eases of chest circumference and hip circumference were significantly changed among drop groups. To change their body drop, H-shape drop adopted less ease at chest circumference and more ease at hip circumference; however, A-shape drop adopted more ease at chest circumference and less ease at hip circumference.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 1999

For the purpose of investigating the factor of foot and calf growth of primary-school children who are fastgrowing during this period, a group of the 1st graders of primary-school had been the subject of this measurement in 1995 and thereafter they became the subject again in 1997 when they were the 3rd graders. Measurement was carried out in 30 items including height and weight and marthin-type measurer and Footprint were used for this measurement. As the result, in the part of calf, the measuring items of maximum calf circumference and knee circumference, and in the part of foot, the items of instep circumference, heel circumference, instep circumference, measured angle of big toe showed the highest growth. The average growth of length for 2 years appeared about 2cm and the parts of instep circumference, heel circumference had rapidly grown rather than in the part of foot circumference. Height growth of the part of toe was about 0.1 and in the factor analysis of foot measurement of 8-year and 10-year and children, the following findings appeared in both cases that height was related with the items of calf height and foot length and weight was related with calf circumference and breadth, foot circumference items.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.697-701
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• 2006

The physical traits and the body fat rate of women in 20s~30s in China and Korea, which are very adjacent to each other but different, were compared and examined. By this research, the physical type of women in both countries were examined, and the result was as follows. As Chinese women in 20s~30s got older their weight become heavier. In the case of circumference items, the significance was acknowledged in all the items except items of chest circumference, hip circumference and stature. On the other hand, as Korean women in 20s~30 got older their stature decreased, but their weight got heavier. In the case of circumference items, the significant was acknowledged in all the items except items of thigh circumference, calf circumference and minimum leg circumference. In addition, the value of anthropometry of Chinese and Korean women had some difference. Especially item chest circumference and hip circumference were higher in Korean women, and these body sizes were related with the obesity. Also, it was revealed that Korean women were exposed to obesity more than Chinese women. In the case of both Chinese and Korean women, the index of obesity belonged to the range of normality, but the body fat rate and BMI Index of Korean women were a little higher than in Chinese women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.335-345
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• 2012

This study provides product survey data for the development of medical compression stockings. An investigation analyzed imported medical compression stockings of 40 brands from 6 countries sold in the Korean market, such as Jobst$^{(R)}$, Therafirm$^{(R)}$, Rxtar$^{(R)}$, Varicoin$^{(R)}$, and Sheer&Soft (USA), Sigvaris Venosan$^{(R)}$ 4000 (Switzerland), Best$^{(R)}$ and Segreta$^{(R)}$ (Italy), Venex$^{(R)}$, Star cotton, Doktus$^{(R)}$, Maxis$^{(R)}$, Maxis$^{(R)}$ Cotton, Lastofa$^{(R)}$, and Memory Aloe Vera (Germany), and Gunze (Japan), Venos and Yolanda (Taiwan). The main fibers of compression stockings were nylon and spandex; in addition, the fiber content was different by country and brand. The number of compression classes of imported products was USA (5), Italy (5), Germany (4), Switzerland (3), Japan (3), and Taiwan (3). For basic body measurements, USA and Swiss brands used ankle circumference, calf circumference, thigh circumference, calf length, and thigh length. Italian brands used height and weight, and Japanese brands used height and hip circumference. German brands used subdivided circumferences such as ankle circumference, calf circumference, knee circumference, middle thigh circumference, and thigh circumference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.826-841
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• 1995

This study is concerned with the functional utility of movement in sleeve from an ergonomic viewpoint. Experiments were carried out which include 43 upper extremity segments, 21 motions and 35 female subjects. The major conclusions of the study are. 1. The expansion rate of upper extremity was higher in length than in circumference mesurements. The amounts of expansion were, especially high (more than 60mm) for inner arm length, axillary arm circumference, and outer arm length. Therefore, a lot of ease is necessary for these parts. On the other hand, armhole circumference, forearm circumference, and wrist circumference had low rates of expansion. The sleeve cap length was also contracted in all motions. 2. The expansion rate and the range of expansion and contraction were higher in the upper arm than in the forearm. The main points of expansion were the axillary and elbow parts. The segment of maximum expansi (rate of 44.8%) was Iii of axillary parts. As the body surface expands mainly in some segments, it is desirable to allow ease to the main segments of expansion. 3. In a basic sleeve, necessary ease was lacking in the measurements for outer arm length and axillary arm circumference, while it was too large in armhole circumference, forearm circumference, wrist circumference, and sleeve cap length. Therefore, a basic sleeve is inadequate as a functional sleeve for hard work in point of functional utility of movement. Wider application of these findings would lead to an improvement in the comfort of workers.