• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.409-410
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• 2015

In the design of any picture book, graphic artists employ the use of color, typeface and illustration to produce attractive book covers. This study is an analysis of selected book covers in the 'Africana Children's Book Awards' (Young Readers category) between 2009 and 2014. The book covers are mainly illustrations originally done in media such as acrylics and oil paintings on canvas. In the article, the author analyses the front covers in terms of hue, Saturation and brightness using a colour map. This work also discusses why certain colours have been used in the design of the covers thus; providing information on color scheme trends for picture books in the Children's Africana Awards Category.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.799-812
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• 2019

We introduce flat e-covers of modules and define e-perfect rings as a generalization of perfect rings. We prove that a ring is right perfect if and only if it is semilocal and right e-perfect which generalizes a result due to N. Ding and J. Chen. Moreover, in the light of the fact that a ring R is right perfect if and only if flat covers of any R-module are projective covers, we study on the rings over which flat covers of modules are (generalized) locally projective covers, and obtain some characterizations of (semi) perfect, A-perfect and B-perfect rings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.446-457
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• 2017

This study surveys the usage and satisfaction of car seat covers, analyzes the satisfaction and luxuriousness of materials used and provides basic data on optimum car seat covers that improve consumer satisfaction, stability, and comfort, while driving. The survey was conducted on 150 people in their 20s to 60s with a car. Consequently, achromatic colored car seat covers were used most and the satisfaction with black was very high. Interior & exterior harmony and the pursued car image were considered important, this consumer psychology impacted the color selection for car seat covers. The satisfaction reasons were different according to materials. Genuine leather was highly regarded in interior & exterior harmony (20.8%), excellent seat sensation (17.7%), excellent tactile sensation (11.5%), and luxuriousness (8.5%). For artificial leather, interior & exterior harmony (16.5%) and easiness of stain removal (13.6%) was rated high and fabric had excellent seat sensation (12.3%) and economics (10.8%). The material, heated and ventilated device affected car seat cover satisfaction. The luxurious image of car seat covers was pursed and was perceived mainly with a sense of sight. Luxury car seat covers were mainly created with materials. Genuine leather and black car seat covers increased luxuriousness. For car seat covers, those with flexibility, excellent compressive elasticity, and thickness were perceived as luxurious.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.69-74
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• 2008

In this paper, a comfort evaluation system based on a product-focused process design (PFPD) has been proposed for high comforts interior seat covers. Correlations between comforts properties and physical/thermal properties of interior seat covers were examined by combining traditional regression analysis and data mining techniques. A skin sensorial comfort of leather samples was evaluated by only human tactile sensation. The adjectives of leather car seat covers are 'Soft', 'Sticky' and 'Elastic'. Thermo-physiological comfort properties of leather samples were evaluated by only human tactile sensation. The adjectives of leather car seat covers are 'Coolness to the touch' and 'Thermal and humid'. Skin sensorial comforts of cloth samples were evaluated by only human tactile sensation. The adjectives of cloth car seat covers are 'Soft', 'Smooth', 'Voluminous' and 'Elastic'. Thermo-physiological comforts of cloth samples were evaluated by only human tactile sensation. The adjectives of cloth car seat covers are 'Coolness to the touch' and 'Thermal and humid'.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.635-645
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• 2014

The changes of rainfall pattern and impervious covers have increased disaster risks in urbanized areas. Impervious covers such as roads and building roofs have been dramatically increased. So, it is falling the ability safety of flood defense equipments to exist. Runoff coefficient means ratio of runoff by whole rainfall which is able to directly contribute at surface runoff during rainfall event. The application of accurate runoff coefficients is very important in sewer pipelines design. This study has been performed to estimate runoff characteristics change which are applicable to the process of sewer pipelines design or various public facilities design. It has used the SHER model, a long-term runoff model, to analyze the impact of a rising impervious covers on runoff coefficient change. It thus analyzed the long-term runoff to analyze rainfall basins extraction. Consequently, it was found that impervious surfaces could be a important factor for urban flood control. We could suggest the application of accurate runoff coefficients in accordance to the land Impervious covers. The average increase rates of runoff coefficients increased 0.011 for 1% increase of impervious covers. By having the application of the results, we could improve plans for facilities design.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.149-168
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• 2000

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the new effective oriential medicine tretments in pediatric disease and its clinical applicability The study was composed of 1245 new patients who had been treated at the all unit in the Dong-Seo oriential Medicine Hospitial for 1 year, from 1 April 1999 to 31 March 2000, and aged between 0 and 18 years. The chief complaint was mainly categorized by oral examination on patients and their care-givers. Result 1. The numbers of children who involved in this study is total 1245: Male children are 668 and female children are 577 children. The sex rate between male and female is 1.15 to 1. 2. Most of the above patients came to the hospital at first time from diseases such as musculoskelectal disease, weakness, asthma, cough, anorexia, common cold, rhiorrhea, sweating, dyspepsia, dematitis, night terror, obesity, stomach, short stature, Besides, they also came to the hospital at first time from various diseases such as epistasxis, pyrexia. Bell's palsy, nocturia, contipation, cerebral palsy, disorder, CVA. diarrhea. stress disease, Allergic disease, Tic disorder. Visual disorder, Kawasaki disease, Pierre Robin's syndrom, hematuria, edema and so on. 3. Looking at the frequent diseases, Respiratory dis. children including asthma, cough, rhiorrhea, sweating, common cold, pyrexia covers 36%, in 399 numbers. digestive dis. children including anorexia, dyspepsia, stomach, diarrhea, constipation, indigestion covers 19%, in 211 numbers. cadiovasculary disease children including arrthymia, terror in frequency, night crying, sediation, Tic disorder covers 8%, in 85 numbers. Hepatobiliary disease children including short stature, dizziness, visual difficulty, sprain, disorder of nail covers 21%, in 238 numbers. renal disease. children including nocturia, hematuria, hemation, disorder of hair, menorrhea, cerebral palsy, edema in 44 numbers. Fatigue children covers 13%. in 143 numbers. 4. In case of respatory disease children. total number is 399 children. dematitis children are 108 numbers and asthma children are 96 numbers. These show that children seem to the best have dematitis and asththma. The age from 0 to 6 is 290 numbers, covering 73 percentage. The others are covering 27 percentage. These data demonstrate that the age from 0 to 6 age could easily get these kinds - of diseases. The 29 percent of children had these kinds of diseases in spring. The 28 percent of children had these kinds of diseases in autumn. These show that children seem to frequently have these kinds of diseases in both spring and autumn season.(inter-season) 5. In case of digestive disease, anorexia covers 39%, in 83 numbers, dyspepsia covers 28%, in 59 numbers, anorexia and dyspepsia were the lagest group in digestive disease and the age from 0 to 6 covers 59%, in 125 numbers and the other age covers 39%. According to these data, infant seems to be vulnerable to these kinds of diseases. The 24 percent of children had these kinds of diseases in spring and summer. The 33 percent of children had these kinds of diseases in winter, which means that children mostly had winter. but decreased significant in autumn. 6. In case of cadiovasculary diseases, it can be divided into two categories: night covers 73% and nervous characteristics covers 27%. The age from 0 to 6 occupies 75%, and the other age occupies 25%. These data also show that infants can easily infected with these kinds of diseases. Analyzing by the season, summer could be the most frequent season that children have these kinds of diseases. but decreased in autumn. 7. In case of hepatobiliary children, sprains covers 166 numbers, fatigue covers 32 numbers, epistasxia covers 24 members, the reasion which sprain occupyied most of % were sprain covered ages. The age from 0 to 14 covers 59% and from 15 to 18 covers 41%. In the conclusion the adolescent seems to be vulnerable to sprains. In spring 29%, insummer 31%, in autumn 23%, and in winter 28% of children got these kinds of diseases, which show that children seems to have this kinds of disease in summer season. and decreased in autumn. 8. In case of renal disease. nocturia and hematuria covers 52%(occupied overhalf). The age from 0 to 6 covers 52%(occupied overhalf). Analyzing by season, in spring increased in summer(59%), decreased in autumn(45%) Conclusion 1. The chief complant in pediatric diseases that needed an oriental medical tretment was mainly the disease that tends to take iong time and the weakness. and appeared frequency in respiratory disease : 2. The oriential medical tretment was still preferred as a way to improve the weakness by patients, rather than a way to overcome their disease. In paticular, the study shows that the oriental medical tretment should be emphasized in terms of preventing the disease 3, The new disease, which were developed with the change of human life and envir oment(just like seual disorder, short stature, obesity, dynamic disorder, examinee disease), should be in vestigated as a new field of oriental medical tretment.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.287-297
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• 2015

In this paper, we investigate $T_1$ Boolean subalgebras of the Boolean algebra consisting all regular closed sets in a space and their Wallman covers. In particular, we will give sufficient and necessary conditions of spaces X satisfying ${\beta}E_{cc}(X)=E_{cc}({\beta}X)$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.131-144
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• 2020

Characterizations of almost perfect domains by certain covers and envelopes, due to Bazzoni-Salce [7] and Bazzoni [4], are generalized to almost perfect commutative rings (with zero-divisors). These rings were introduced recently by Fuchs-Salce [14], showing that the new rings share numerous properties of the domain case. In this note, it is proved that admitting strongly flat covers characterizes the almost perfect rings within the class of commutative rings (Theorem 3.7). Also, the existence of projective dimension 1 covers characterizes the same class of rings within the class of commutative rings admitting the cotorsion pair (𝒫₁, 𝒟) (Theorem 4.1). Similar characterization is proved concerning the existence of divisible envelopes for h-local rings in the same class (Theorem 5.3). In addition, Bazzoni's characterization via direct sums of weak-injective modules [4] is extended to all commutative rings (Theorem 6.4). Several ideas of the proofs known for integral domains are adapted to rings with zero-divisors.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.292-297
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• 2013

Winter turfgrass injury is one of the critical problems of many golf courses in Korea. Turfgrass loss from freezing injury due to low temperature leads to many types of damages including weed invasion, increased herbicide cost, increased soil erosion, and expensive re-establishment. Although Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) which is the most widely used among cool-season grasses in Korea is well known as cold tolerance species, freezing injuries to Kentucky bluegrass during winter are often found. Protecting the turfgrass crown is necessary to recover from low temperature stress in winter because shoots and roots can be recovered from the crown. Turf covers may protect the crowns from direct low temperatures and desiccation. Six different turf covers were installed to cover Kentucky bluegrass during a period of low temperatures. Turf covers had positive effects for spring green-up of Kentucky bluegrass based on the study. Applying any type of turf covers on Kentucky bluegrass resulted in an increase average and minimum temperature compared to the uncovered plot. Among turf covers, clear PVC film without holes produced the longest root length and the highest turfgrass quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.47-59
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• 2009

This paper aimed at the development of face covers which is face protection articles for blocking UV rays and yellow sands, with a view to assist the further activation of outdoor life. The four-stage design process of field study, design, design evaluation, final selection of designs was set up for the effective product development. Field study included on-line and off-line market survey on the products for sale in market and observation on those wearing face covers. Depth interviews were done to know consumer understandings and satisfaction levels for current face covers. The results of market survey showed that most of the face covers currently in the market were mask types, which were produced for the blocking of dust and yellow sands rather than UV ray protection. The major clients of the mask were the women in their 30's-50's and the designs for these clients were very limited. Since the number of younger women and men enjoy the outdoor sports has increased, the face covers for these people should be developed. For this purpose, the direction of new face cover design had 2 points: diversification of design in terms of color, material, shape and giving seasonal differences. 12 designs were designed on the first design stage, but after both wearing test by 16 testees and UV ray blocking test to evaluate these designs, 6 face cover designs were finally selected.