• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.63-74
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• 2020

Modern clothes are part of formative arts and express experimentation and originality. This tendency is especially prominent in structural fashion. This study set out to analyze structural fashion in various aspects, examining and analyzing the expressive and formative characteristics of Deformation and contribute to the development of creative fashion design. The approach of peer debriefing was used with three fashion experts to identify structural clothes in the women's haute couture collections from a total of 24 seasons from S/S of 2008 to F/W of 2019. The clothes with Deformation characteristics were then identified to analyze expressive and formative characteristics. The expressive characteristics of Deformation in structural clothes were exaggeration, distortion, and recombination. Exaggeration was expressed with exaggerated sizes, forms, and excessive use. Distortion was expressed with distorted forms and functions and through optical illusions. Recombination was expressed with the recombination of forms and roles. The formative characteristics of Deformation were maximum, playfulness, and unfamiliarity. The study connected the expressive characteristics to the formative ones and examined them simultaneously, finding that "distortion" and "playfulness" represented the expressive and formative characteristics, respectively. The characteristics of Deformation are expressed in various ways in structural fashion. If they are considered, they will make valuable contributions to creative ideas.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2013

The deformation characteristics and microstructure changes in a round copper pipe under biaxial compression was studied using a horizontal compression die. The change of material properties, punch load and deformation behavior were monitored using various compressive deformation rates in the range of 0.5mm/min.~450mm/min. The strains, either tensile or compressive, were estimated from Vickers microhardness test results. The punch load and deformation characteristics of the round copper pipes were found to change greatly at a deformation rate of about 200mm/min. The punch load decreased with increasing compressive deformation rate. The results of numerical simulations agreed well with what was expected from the final microstructure and the hardness profile estimated from the final deformation strains.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.237-250
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• 1992

The cavities formed by the excavation of coal seam cause unstable within rock body, leading to large displacement around adjacent roadway. This displacement brings the closure of roadway and deformation of support. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and predict the deformation characteristics of roadway while coal seam is under excavation. In this study, the observed displacements are compared with the calculated ones through the analysis using Linear Boundary Element Mothod under the elastostatic conditions, in order to determine the virgin stress state and deformation modulus which affect the deformation characteristices.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.194-199
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• 2003

In this paper, elastic deformations of several gear teeth are analyzed. The contact between a gear and pinion is modeled as a contact problem. The deformation overlap, which is defined as the interference due to deformation of gear teeth, is defined to represent the deformation characteristics of profile shifted spur sear system. The calculated deformation overlap shows teeth interference in the deformed state of a Rear system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.393-406
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• 2005

Cyclic loading tests were carried out on six half-scale reinforced concrete beam-column subassemblages designed to the current Chinese Seismic Design Code for Buildings. The deformation behavior and restoring force characteristics of the subassemblages were studied. Emphasis was directed on their seismic behavior and deformation components. Based on test data and a simplified analysis model of the global and local deformation, the contribution of the deformation components due to beam flexure, column flexure, joint shear, and slippage of longitudinal reinforcement in the joint to the global deformation of subassemblages at different displacement amplitudes of cyclic loading was investigated.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.361-397
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• 2017

The unloading effect from excavations can cause the deformation of adjacent tunnels, which may seriously influence the operation and safety of those tunnels. However, systematic studies of the deformation characteristics of tunnels located along side excavations are limited, and simplified methods to predict the influence of excavations on tunnels are also rare. In this study, the simulation capability of a finite element method (FEM) considering the small-strain characteristics of soil was verified using a case study. Then, a large number of FEM simulations examining the influence of excavations on adjacent tunnels were conducted. Based on the simulation results, the deformation characteristics of tunnels at different positions and under four deformation modes of the retaining structure were analyzed. The results indicate that the deformation mode of the retaining structure has a significant influence on the deformation of certain tunnels. When the deformation magnitudes of the retaining structures are the same, the influence degree of the excavation on the tunnel increased in this order: from cantilever type to convex type to composite type to kick-in type. In practical projects, the deformation mode of the retaining structure should be optimized according to the tunnel position, and kick-in deformation should be avoided. Furthermore, two methods to predict the influence of excavations on adjacent tunnels are proposed. Design charts, in terms of normalized tunnel deformation contours, can be used to quantitatively estimate the tunnel deformation. The design table of the excavation influence zones can be applied to determine which influence zone the tunnel is located in.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.206-211
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• 1998

This paper presents the deformation characteristics of cam ring in a balanced type vane pump. Cam ring is operated in the condition of high pressure. Therefore the local deformation of cam ring affects the characteristics of compression, vane motion and noise and vibration. We analyzed the deformation of cam ring in three types by using the finite element method. As results of analysis, deformed shape of cam ring and the effects of deformation on the compression are presented.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2012

To examine the deformation characteristics of round aluminum pipe under biaxial compression, a horizontal biaxial compression die was fabricated. The change of material properties, punch load and deformation behavior were monitored in experiments using various compressive deformation rates in the range of 1mm/min.~400mm/min. The tensile and compressive strains were estimated from Vickers microhardness results. The punch load and deformation characteristic of the round aluminum pipes were found to change greatly at a deformation rate of about 200mm/min. The punch load decreased with increasing compressive deformation rate. Results of numerical simulation using Deform-2D were in good agreement with experimental results, and the measured hardness variation with the strain variation was predicted well by the simulation.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.417-426
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• 2019

Gangue filling in the goaf is an effective measure to control the surface subsidence. However, due to the obvious deformation of gangue compression, the filling effect deserves to be further studied. To this end, the deformation of coal gangue filling in the goaf is analyzed by theoretical analysis, large-scale crushed rock compression test, and field investigation. Through the compression test of crushed rock, the deformation behaviour characteristics and energy dissipation characteristics is obtained and analysed. The influencing factors of gangue filling and predicted amount of main deformation are summarized. Besides, the predicted equation and filling subsidence coefficients of gangue are obtained. The gangue filling effect was monitored by the movement observation of surface rock. Gangue filling can support the roof of the goaf, effectively control the surface subsidence with little influence on the ground villages. The premeter and equations of the main deformation in the gangue filling are verified, and the subsidence coefficient is further reduced by adding cemented material or fine sand. This paper provides a practical and theoretical reference for further development of gangue filling.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.50-57
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• 2019

This paper investigates deformation characteristics of gas pipeline using the in-plane bending experiment and finite element analysis of a pipe bend. The effect of the bending angle and internal pressure on the deformation characteristics is analyzed. The pipe bend used in this study is API 5L X65 (out diameter: 20 inch) material with the thickness of 11.9 mm. The maximum load, displacement at maximum load, angle and local strain of 90° pipe bend are obtained from the in-plane bending experiment. Comparison between FE results and experimental data shows overall good agreements. In addition, the deformation characteristics of 22.5° and 45° pipe bend are calculated using the finite element analysis. As a result, the effect of the bend angle on the deformation characteristics is discussed.