• 제목/요약/키워드: extraction solvent

검색결과 1,662건 처리시간 0.024초

Comparison of Static and Dynamic Solvent Extraction of Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from Fly Ash

  • Yang, Jeong Soo;Jeong, Jang Hwan;Yu, Euy Kyung
    • 분석과학
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.295-301
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    • 2004
  • In this study, static and dynamic solvent extractions are compared for more efficient extraction of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from fly ash. Static solvent extraction rather than dynamic extraction showed a higher recovery of PCDFs, which was adsorbed strongly with fly ash. The effects of parameters, such as temperature, toluene-isopropyl alcohol mixture, static and dynamic time flow rate, and solvent volume on the extraction were investigated and the variations in average recoveries of PCDFs were explained. In both extractions, temperature was an effective parameter because the higher temperature gave the higher recoveries. In dynamic solvent extraction, dynamic time was more effective than flow rate and solvent volume for the extraction of PCDFs from fly ash. Multi-layer column chromatography on neutral and acidic silica gel with n-hexane was used for cleaning up the extracts. The quantification of the PCDFs extracted was performed using HPLC-UV.

Sweep Co-Distillation 법에 의한 산화방지제의 추출법 (Extraction Method of Antioxidants in Soybean Oil)

  • 황혜정
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.358-363
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the extraction methods for the determination of antioxidants in soybean oil. Recovery rates of various antioxidants in soybean oil showed similar rates as 80.4~102.1% by solvent/solvent extraction method and 89.9~106.4% by sweep co-distillation method except 46.6~61.2% of PG at corresponding spiked concentractions. The maximun recovery rates of antioxidnts were obtained when extraction time and extraction temperature used in UNITREX were 20min and 21$0^{\circ}C$ respectively. In the recovery rates with the activation of florisil when 2% ofwater was added to florisil the highest recovery rates for TBHQ, BHA, BHT were obtained by sweep co-distillation met-hod. Therefore sweep co-distillation method showed less solvent simple operation and high recovery rate compared with solvent/solvent extraction method.

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초임계 이산화탄소와 유기용매를 이용한 Chlorella vulgaris 오일의 추출 (Extraction of Oil from Chlorella vulgaris Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Organic Solvent)

  • 유종훈;박미란;임교빈
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.98-105
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    • 2014
  • Three different types of extraction processes, which used supercritical carbon dioxide ($SCCO_2$) and organic solvent, were attempted to improve the extraction yield of oil from Chlorella vulgaris: cosolvent-modified $SCCO_2$ extraction, $SCCO_2$ extraction with ultrasonic sample treatment in organic solvent, and static extraction with organic solvent followed by dynamic $SCCO_2$ extraction. Among these, the last $SCCO_2$ extraction process was found to be most effective in the extraction of oil. Compared with pure $SCCO_2$ extraction, the extraction yield of oil was observed to increase about 7 times.

Extraction Methods of Organic Components from Rubber Composites and Analysis of the Extract Using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

  • Chae, Eunji;Choi, Sung-Seen
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제54권3호
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    • pp.188-200
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    • 2019
  • Rubber articles contain various organic additives such as antidegradants, curing agents, and processing aids. It is important to extract and analyze these organic additives. In this paper, various extraction methods of organic additives present in rubber composites were introduced (solvent extraction, Soxhlet extraction, headspace extraction, and solid-phase microextraction), and the extracts were characterized using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Solvent and Soxhlet extractions are easy-to-perform and commonly used methods. Efficiency of solvent extraction varies according to the type of solvent used and the extraction conditions. Soxhlet extraction requires a large volume of solvent. Headspace sampling is suitable for extracting volatile organic compounds, while solid-phase extraction is suitable for extracting specific chemicals. GC/MS is generally used for characterizing the extract of a rubber composite because most components of the extract are volatile and have low molecular weights. Identification methods of chemical structures of the components separated by GC column were also introduced.

이온성 액체를 사용한 꽃게 껍질에서 아스타크산틴 추출 조건의 최적화 (Optimization of Extraction of Astaxanthin from Portunus trituberculatus by Ionic Liquids)

  • 이유진;이유리;당보곤;노경호
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.238-243
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    • 2013
  • Astaxanthin is one of the carotenoid with strong antioxidant. The conditions of extraction of astaxanthin from Portunus trituberculatus were optimized in this work. Six factors of conditions such as, extraction method, extraction solvent, ratio of solvent to raw material, temperature, and time, were investigated. For the increase of the extraction yield, ionic liquids were used as additives in the extraction solvent. The optimum extraction conditions were found: heat reflux extraction, Dichloromethane/methanol (25:75, v/v) as solvent, 1:30 of the ratio of solvent raw material, $80^{\circ}C$, 90 min, and ionic liquid as additive. As a result, 45.81 ${\mu}g/g$ of astaxanthin was extracted from waste.

농산물의 잔류농약분석을 위한 가속용매추출 (Accelerated Solvent Extraction) 방법의 이용 (Use of Accelerated Solvent Extraction Method for Determination of Residual Pesticides in Agricultural Products)

  • 이성우;서혜영;한병재;정양모;김준형;노기미;김경수
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.228-237
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    • 2004
  • 농약성분 분석에 있어서 시료 전처리시간을 단축할 수 있는 분석방법을 개발하기 위해 농산물 중에 잔류하고 있는 잔류농약성분을 대상으로 ASE(accelerated solvent extraction) 방법을 활용한 자동화된 전처리 방법을 검토하였다. ASE 추출조건은 preheat 1 min, heat 5 min, static 1 min, solvent flush% 60 vol, nitrogen purge 60 sec, cycle 4, pressure 1500 psi, temperature $100^{\circ}C$를 선택하였다. 이 분석조건과 n-hexane:acetone(4 : 1, v/v)를 추출용매로 사용하였을 때, ASE 추출과 정제능력은 solvent extraction 방법과 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 추출 용매의 감소는 추출산물의 재현성에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. ASE 방법은 잔류농약 분석 시 소요되는 유기용매의 양을 감소하고 추출과 정제를 동시에 수행함으로써 동결건조 시간을 제외한 전처리 시간이 단축되어 분석비용 또한 solvent extraction에 비해 감소시킬 수 있었다.

진한 염산용액에서 Alamine336에 의한 염화코발트의 용매추출 (Solvent Extraction of Cobalt Chloride from Strong Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Alamine336)

  • 이만승;이진영
    • 대한금속재료학회지
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.227-232
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    • 2008
  • Solvent extraction reaction of cobalt by Alamine336 from strong hydrochloric acid solution was identified by analyzing the solvent extraction data reported in the literature. Analysis of the data by graphical method revealed that Alamine336 took part in the solvent extraction reaction as a monomer in the concentration ranges, [Co(II)] : 0.0169 - 0.102 M, [Alamine336] ; 0.02- 1.75 M, and [HCl ] : 5 - 10 M. The following solvent extraction reaction and equilibrium constant was obtained from the experimental data by considering the activity coefficients of chemical species present in the aqueous phase. $Co^{2+}+2Cl^{-}+R_3NHCl_{org}=CoCl_3\;R_3NH_{org}$, $K_{ex}=2.21$ The distribution coefficients of cobalt predicted in this study agreed well with those reported in the literature.

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 Chlorella vulgaris의 오일 추출 (Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Oil from Chlorella vulgaris)

  • 유종훈;박미란;임교빈
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.453-458
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    • 2011
  • In this study, two different extraction techniques, organic solvent extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide ($SCCO_2$) extraction, were employed to evaluate the extraction efficiency of oil from Chlorella vulgaris. In the organic solvent extraction, the effects of various organic solvent on the extraction yield were investigated. The $SCCO_2$ extraction was carried out while varying such operating parameters as temperature, pressure, $SCCO_2$ flow rate, and cosolvent. About 4.9 wt% of oil was extracted from ground Chrollera vulgaris for 18 h when dichloromethane/methanol (2:1, v/v) was used as an extraction solvent. The oil yield of the $SCCO_2$ extraction was found to be very low (0.53 wt%) and to increase up to about 0.86 wt% with the addition of cosolvent.

자색고구마 Anthocyanin 색소의 추출조건 결정 (Determination of the Conditions for Anthocyanin Extraction from Purple-Flashed Sweet Potato)

  • 이장욱;이향희;임종환;조재선
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제29권5호
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    • pp.790-795
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    • 2000
  • To establish the optimum conditions for the extraction of anthocyanin pigment from purple-fleshed sweet potato, a suitable extraction solvent with the optimum citric acid concentration for acidification of the solvent, and the optimum extraction time and temperature were determined. Twenty percent ethanol solution acidified with citric acid was found to be a good solvent for the extraction of the pigment from purple-fleshed sweet potato. About 10 hour extraction at room temperature was appropriate for the extraction. pH of the extract was below 3 when more than 0.7% citric acid was added. The higher the concentration of citric acid added was, the higher the total optical density (TOD) of the extract was. However, the increase in TOD of the extract was insignificant when more than 1% of citric acid was added. Therefore, addition of 1% citric acid was determined for acidification of the extracting solvent. Though the initial rate of the pigment extraction increased as the extracting temperature increased, extraction at higher temperatures of 60 or 8$0^{\circ}C$ for an extended time caused a decrease in the extraction yield due to degradation of the pigment. The optimum extraction temperature for the anthocyanin pigment from purple-fleshed sweet potato with the solvent used was determined as 4$0^{\circ}C$.

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염산용액에서 Alamine336에 의한 염화 제1, 2구리의 용매추출 (Solvent Extraction of Cuprous and Cupric Chloride from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Alamine336)

  • 이만승;이진영
    • 대한금속재료학회지
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    • 제47권5호
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    • pp.297-303
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    • 2009
  • Solvent extraction experiments of cupric and cuprous chloride with Alamine336 have been performed from HCl solution. In order to identify the solvent extraction reaction, distribution diagram of cupric and cuprous species with HCl concentration was obtained by considering complex formation reaction and the activity coefficient of solutes with Pitzer equation. Analysis of the solvent extraction data by graphical method together with the distribution diagram of copper indicated that solvent extraction reaction of copper with Alamine336 depends on HCl concentration. In strong HCl solution of 3 and 5 M, ${CuCl_4}^{2-}$ and ${CuCl_3}^{2-}$ took part in the solvent extraction reaction as Cu(II) and Cu(I), respectively. When HCl concentration was 1 M, ${CuCl_2}^-$ was extracted into the organic phase in the case of Cu(I) while adduct formation between $Cu^{2+}$ and Alamine336 was responsible for the solvent extraction reaction of Cu(II).