• 한국작물학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2016

Heading time is important element for yield and quality in crops. Among day length and temperature which influence on heading, temperature effect has not been investigated well. To investigate temperature effect on heading, heading date and plant growth characters were checked under the low and high temperature conditions in short day length. Analyzing heading date of six Korean varieties under the high and low temperature condition, heading date of varieties were delayed under low temperature. In the low temperature condition, dry weight and area of leaf were reduced. Varieties showing more delay of heading under low temperature also showed more reduction in leaf area. After selecting three varieties showing significant difference in leaf growth and heading date under different temperature conditions, nutrient contents of plant were analyzed. Nitrogen content was reduced in leaf and shoot under the low temperature condition. OsNRT2.3, nitrate transporter, was significantly down regulated in varieties showing more heading delay. Available phosphate content was decreased in leaf, but increased in shoot due to reduction of phosphate mobility. OsPT1, phosphate transporter regulating phosphate uptake, was more down regulated in varieties showing more heading delay. OsPT6, phosphate transporter regulating phosphate transport in plant, was also significantly down regulated in those varieties. With these data, we expected that active nitrogen and available phosphate uptake and transport in plant would increase leaf growth then might reduce heading delay under the low temperature condition.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2000

This experiment was designed to assess changes in yield difference between waxy (IWR) and non-waxy (INWR) near isogenic rice by evaluating the translocation and accumulation of assimilates in different parts of the rice plants after heading stage under different fertilizer application. Nitrogen content of culm in both IWR and INWR decreased rapidly from 35 days before heading to flowering time and after then it was maintained constantly, while the nitrogen content of leaf blade was continually reduced. Sugar content of leaf blade in IWR decreased steadly by 10 days after heading, but that in INWR increased 20 days after heading. There was no difference in starch content of culum between IWR and INWR from 35days before heading to heading, but that of culm of IWR increased again after heading. Dry weight of IWR plant was less reduced during ripening as compared with INWR. The dry weight of culm was not significantly different between two isogenic lines.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2020

In this study, heading characteristics and heading control performances were evaluated to achieve the wave shield effect. The wave shield effect originating from heading control reduces the relative motions of moored vessels in a floating liquefied natural gas bunkering terminal (FLBT). Therefore, loading and off-loading performances are improved through reduced relative motion. For the objective of this study and efficiency of the analysis, a simplified model was used that assuming no relative motion of the moored vessels in the FLBT. The simplified model involved modeling the environmental loads and inertia of several floating bodies, including FLBT, into the environmental loads and inertia of a single vessel. The simplified model was validated through comparisons with model tests. With the simplified model, heading characteristics and heading control simulations were performed using low-frequency planar motion equations. The heading characteristics and heading control performances of FLBT were analyzed through the results of simulations under the expected environmental conditions. The capacity of the tunnel thrust for the heading control performance was confirmed to be adequate for improvement of the loading and off-loading performances using the wave shielding effects under the operation conditions.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.213-224
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• 2019

There is an increasing frequency in the occurrence of abnormal weather phenomena such as sharp increases and decreases in temperature. Under these weather conditions, the heading time of rice changes unexpectedly, which poses problems in agriculture. Therefore, we investigated the effect of temperature on the heading response at different growth stages in rice. During the period from transplanting to heading, the plants were subjected to different temperature treatments, each for a 9-day period, to observe the heading response. For the heading date analysis, "heading date" was defined as the number of days from transplanting to the appearance of the first spikelet. We found that the influence of temperature increased in the order of rooting stage, followed by meiosis, early tillering, spikelet differentiation, and panicle initiation stage in all ecological types and cultivars. In particular, unlike the results reported previously, the effect of temperature on heading during the photo-sensitive period was very small. Meanwhile, the influence of temperature on vegetative growth response at different growth stages was not consistent with heading response. These results can be used as basic data for predicting the variation in heading date owing to temperature variation at each growth stage. In addition, we propose that the concept of day length should be included in determining the influence of temperature on the photo-sensitive period.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.524-532
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• 2002

This paper presents a new in-flight alignment method for an SDINS under large initial heading error. To handle large heading error, a new attitude error model is introduced. The attitude errors are divided into heading error and leveling errors using a newly defined horizontal frame. Some navigation error dynamic models are derived from the attitude error model for indirect feedback filtering of the in-flight alignment system. A Kalman filter with Position measurement is designed to estimate navigation errors as the indirect feedback filter Simulation results show that the proposed in-flight alignment method reduces the heading error very quickly from more than 40deg to about 5deg so as to apply a refined navigation filter. The total alignment process including leveling mode and navigation mode in addition to the proposed one allows large initial values not only in heading error but also in leveling errors.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.468-472
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• 2001

출수 조.만에 따른 보리의 생육 및 수량변화를 알고자 최근 맥류 작황 24년('76~'99)자료와 그 중 출수기가 빨랐던 해와 늦었던 해를 추출하여 생육 및 수량과의 관계를 분석하였다. 1. 출수 조.만 그룹사이의 차이는 2월과 3월의 적산온도에 기인하며 특히 2월의 적산온도 차이에 고도의 유의성이 있었다. 2. 10월부터 12월까지의 적산온도가 $650^{\circ}C$ 정도되면 평년정도로 출수하고 62$0^{\circ}C$이하이면 출수 지연, 67$0^{\circ}C$이상이면 조기출수할 것이며 2월까지는 72$0^{\circ}C$되면 평년정도의 출구기일 것이고, $650^{\circ}C$이하이면 출수지연, 78$0^{\circ}C$이상이면 조기출수할 것으로 분석되었다. 3. 출수가 빨라지는 해의 온도유형을 분류하면 월동전 고온형, 월동기~재생기 고온형, 전생육기 고온형으로 나타났다. 4. 출수가 늦어지는 해는 월동~재생기 저온형과 3월 저온형으로 나뉘어졌다. 5. 출수기가 빠른 경우는 구분이 어려웠지만 출수기가 늦은 해는 월동기의 생육기간이 긴 형과 분얼기에 생육기간이 긴형, 전체 생육기간이 긴 형으로 나누어졌다. 6. 출수가 빠른 해의 수량이 출수가 늦은 해보다 많았는데 이는 수수의 증가에 기인한 것으로 나타났다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.334-343
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• 2011

This paper presents a new approach for mobile robot heading detection using MEMS Gyro north finding method in the indoor environment. Based on this, the robot heading angle measurement scheme is proposed; improved north finding theory and algorithm are also explained. Several approaches are applied to confirm system's precision and effectiveness. In order to find out the heading angle, a single axis MEMS gyroscope to sense the angle between the robot heading direction and the north is used. To reach enough estimation accuracy and reduce detection time, the least square method (LSM) for the signal fitting and parameter estimation is applied. Through a turn-table, we setup a carouseling system to decrease the substantial bias effect on gyroscope's heading angle. For the evaluation of the proposed method, this system is implemented to the Pioneer robot platform. The performance and heading error are analyzed after the test. From the simulation and experimental results, system's accuracy, usefulness and adaptability are shown.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.257-282
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• 2001

이 연구는 인명표목통제를 위한 전거레코드작성의 합리적인 기준안을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위하여 ICCP의 제원칙의 성명, 한국편목규칙의 표목부와 한국문헌목록정보에 있는 인명표목을 분석하였다. 그 결과 문제점을 조사하여 인명표목에 대한 레코드작성지침을 제시하였다. 표목통제를 위한 레코드작성지침은 별도로 편찬하지 않고, 편목규칙의 표목부 규칙에 통합하여 편찬하는 것이 더욱 유용하고 합리적이다. 또한 효율적인 검색을 위하여 동명이인의 구별방안과 주제명일람표 작성방안을 제시 하였다 .

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1984년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.100-106
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• 1984

Traditional methods for estimating the location of underwater target, i.e. the triangulation method and the wavefront curvature method, have been utilized. The location of a target is defined by the range and the bearing, which estimates can be obtained by evaluating the time delay between neighboring sensors. Many components of error occur in estimating the target range, among which the error due to the fluctuation of heading angle is outstanding. In this paper, the wavefront curvature method was used. We considered the error due to the heading fluctuation as the $\beta$-density process, from which we analized the range estimates with $\beta$-density function exist in some finite limits, and its mean value and variation are depicted as a function of true range and heading fluctuation. Given heading angles and sensor separation, maximum estimated heading errors are presented as a function of true range.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1997

This paper describe the method and the result of making a fiber optic gyrocompass measuring the heading angles of a ship with a fiber optic sensor. As the method seeking for the heading angles, it is possible to get the heading angles by measuring the output signals from a stationary fiber optic sensor in at least three directions such as a heading direction and other two directions having phase difference ${\phi}1$ and ${\phi}2$ to the heading. We made the static fiber optic gyrocompass by a high performance fiber optic sensor having scale factor of 210mV/deg/s and resolution of 0.5deg/hr using this principle. The accuracy of this system was $0.29^{\circ}$ from 20 numbers of data measuring the arbitrary heading angle.