• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1 s.31
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• pp.84-110
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• 1996

Meridian collateral and meridian points have been the base of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy. Also the theory have composed the main portion of Oriental Medicine. But the mechanism and scientific background has not been completely eatablished, and the research on the objectification of diagnosis of meridian collateral and meridian points, and acupuncture & moxibustion therapy has been necessary nowadays. A new understanding of value of Oriental Medicine has been increasing, the scientific understanding of meridian collateral and meridian points should have been examined. The system of meridian collateral and meridian points was very interesting topics between the scientists in the world. Especially, the elucidation of function and mechanism of Qi(氣) was very important in the scientific theme of 21th century. But there has been many difficulties in the study of meridian collateral and meridian points, since the system of meridian collateral and meridian points has the complexed function and vague structure in the organism. As the one of index of meridian points, the electric current has been used. In this report, the volume of electric current on the skin around the meridian points was investigated. The results of investigation showed the meridian points have higher electric current volume than non-meridian points.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.9-22
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to consider the concept of Meridian Points(經穴) and to establish the directions in further research. Methods: First, based on the latest results from the researches of Meridian and Collateral(經絡), it was to infer the original concept of Meridian Points(經穴). Second, the meaning of Meridian Points(經穴) has been investigated and its directions in further research was studied founded upon Symbolic Mathematical Study(象數學). Results ＆ Conclusions : Firstly, Meridian Points(經穴) are considered to be the source of information that contains 365 numbers of human physiological information which includes physiological information of Viscera and Bowels(藏府) and Meridian and Collateral(經絡). Secondly, advanced researches are required further to clarify the meaning of Meridian Points(經穴) as Symbolic Mathematical Study(象數學) has established the systems of Meridian Points(經穴). In addition, the efficacy of each Meridian Points(經穴) needs to be revised through literature studies. Clinical studies are essential to practically verify the results from the former theoretical research. Thirdly, the contention to oppose the presence of Meridian and Collateral(經絡) and Meridian Points(經穴) was acknowledged to be incorrect. Lastly, for broadening the theoretical systems of Korean Medicine(韓醫學) with integration of Western scientific knowledge, a paradigm shift is necessary to revise the concepts of Viscera and Bowls(藏府), Meridian and Collateral (經絡) and Meridian Points(經穴) in Korean Medicine(韓醫學). In order to accomplish the shift, the ambiguity in theories of Korean Medicine(韓醫學) should be clarified through the study of Symbolic Mathematical Study(象數學).

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.201-211
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study is to summarize and compare acupuncture points used for dental disorder in the classics with those used in recent clinical trials. Methods : We searched the data for acupuncture points used and rationale of acupuncture in dentistry. Following two sources were searched: 1) seven Classics of traditional medicine and 2) clinical trials through Pubmed from January 2000 to March 2013 with no language restriction. Results : Dental pain was the most common disorder in the dentistry section of the Classics of traditional medicine. We found many similarities of acupuncture points used between literatures and clinical trials. From the meridian perspective, large intestine meridian(LI), stomach meridian(ST), triple energizer meridian(TE), and gallbladder meridian(GB) were frequently used in the Classics of traditional medicine and the clinical trials. From the acupuncture point perspective, acupuncture points were selected according to syndrome. The specific points such as five transport points, source points, and connecting points were also used. In the clinical trials, combination of acupuncture points usually consisted adjacent points and distant points. Among them, LI4 was used in all of the studies included in this review. Conclusions : For well-designed clinical trial, appropriate intervention is essential. To establish appropriate acupuncture treatment, we have to suggest reasoning for treatment based on literature and/or expert consensus. Our review only focused on pain relief in dentistry and had many limitations. Further studies based on the literatures such as the Classics of traditional medicine are required to ensure the rationale of acupuncture treatments in various dental disorders.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.05
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• pp.309-312
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• 1997

Meridian collteral and meridian points have been he base of acupunurre therapy. Also the theory have composed the main portion of oriental medicine. But the mechanism and scientific backgroud has not been completely eastablished, and the research on the objectification of diagonosis of meridian collateral and meridian points, and acupuncture therapy has been necessary nowday. A new understanding of value of oriental medicine has been increasing, the scientific understanding of meridian collateral and meridian points should have been examined. In this paper, we observed meridian point on the morphology for objectification and meridian visulalization we try to meridian point to use methylene blue and optical equipment of high power magnifications. The result of this study suggest that we can observe ruggedness part on body surface to be estimated meridian point. It is observed to have similarity each time of different meridian points. Also, we can observe part alteration of meridian points each time which observed to use method of electronic resistance of unsimilarity on the morphology.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.141-168
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• 2012

Objective : The objective of this paper is to study the characteristics of the categorization of acupuncure points of the Lung Meridian(肺經) based on Hwangdineijingmingtang(黃帝內經明堂). Method : This paper examines several texts regarding the Lung Meridian. Result and Conclusion : Out of Yang Shangshan(楊上善)'s work, the theoretical aspects are presented in Hwangdineijingmingtang, whereas contents regarding acupuncture points are presented in Hwangdineijingmingtang. This is due to Yang's position as an imperial doctor(太醫侍御). In Hwangdineijingmingtang, Yang explains the characteristics of Metal(金) based on Hwangdineijingmingtang followed by an explanation of the acupuncture points of the Lung Meridian, which shows his emphasis on the relationship between the meridian as the main branch and the viscera. Along this medical logic, Yang must have included LU1(中府) into the Lung Meridian. This is Yang's unique point of view, distinguishing itself from other texts regarding the Lung Meridian. Apart from the means of explanation of the Lung Meridian by Yang, the verse 'made a volume for each 12 meridian' in the introduction of Hwangdineijingmingtang, discussion of the main treatable diseases of Hwangdineijingmingtang, contents on pathways of Lingshu Jingmai(靈樞 經脈), the start and end points of the meridians in Lingshu Maidu(靈樞 脈度) points to the assumption that each acupuncture point's belonging meridian known to us today was fixated by Yang.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.455-478
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• 1998

The result as following one was founded that investigate cause and acupuncture point for symptoms of headache; 1. Headache in distinction from doo-pung(頭風.) was defined that it' period is short and treatment is easy. 2. The cause of headache was classified according to the interior and exterior cause of the body. 3. Total number of used acupuncture point was one hundred and six, and in order of using time acupuncture point was appeared as LI4(15), LU7(12), GB20(12), BL2(11), GV20(9), TE23(9), SI3(7), GV24(7), GV23(7) 4. The meridian distribution of acupuncture point is appeared as Bladder Meridian(21points), Gallbladder Meridian(18points), Governer vesseI(14points), Triple Energizer meridian(12points), Large Intestine Meridian(9points), Small Intestine Meridian(7points), Stomach Meridian(7points) 5. According to headache position, the distribution of acupuncture point $Yangmy\check{o}ng\;Ky\check{o}ng$ and Governer vessel was used to frontal headache, Soyang $Ky\check{o}ng$ to migraine, Taeyang $Ky\check{o}ng$ and Governer vessel to occipital headache. 6. LI4(合谷) and LU7(列缺) was used to general headache as basic acupuncture point.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.111-135
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• 2002

The result as following one was founded that investigate cause and acupuncture point for symptoms of headache, 1. Headache in distinction from doo-pung(頭風) was defined that it' period is short and treatment is easy. 2. The cause of headache was classified according to the interior and exterior cause of the body. 3. Total number of used acupuncture point was one hundred and six, and in order of using time acupuncture point was appeared as LI4(15), LU7(12), GB20(12), BL2(11), GV20(9), TE23(9), SI3(7), GV24(7), GV23(7) 4. The meridian distribution of acupuncture point is appeared as Bladder Meridian(21points), Gallbladder Meridian(18points), Governer vessel(14points), Triple Energizer meridian(12points), Large Intestine Meridian(9points), Small Intestine Meridian(7points), Stomach Meridian(7points) 5. According to headache position, the distribution of acupuncture point was appeared that $Yangmy\breve{o}ng$ $Ky\breve{o}ng$ and Governer vessel was used to frontal headache, Soyang $Ky\breve{o}ng$ to migraine, Taeyang $Ky\breve{o}ng$ and Governer vessel to occipital headache. 6. LI4(合谷) and LU7(列缺) was used to general headache as basic acupuncture point.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.49-57
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this study was to show the rationale of point-selection on the methods of acupuncture and moxibustion in the Shin section(in the Naegyeong chapter) of the Donguibogam. Methods : First, We summarized the cause of each disease in the Shin section(in the Naegyeong chapter) of the Donguibogam. Then, We explained the rationale of acupuncture point-selection referring to the cause of disease, physiology of the Oriental medicine, exposition of acupuncture point name, character of each acupuncture points, flow of meridian pathways and specific acupuncture points etc. Results and Conclusions : Total 44 acupuncture points were used in the Shin section(in the Naegyeong chapter) of the Donguibogam. Most of acupuncture points were specific acupuncture points. but, some rationale of acupuncture point-selection were explained by the cause of disease, physiology of the Oriental medicine, exposition of acupuncture point name, flow of meridian pathways etc.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.207-223
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• 2021

Objectives : This paper studied the different disease sites according to Yin and Yang deviation and the principal to applying the Five Shu Points acupuncture method to these sites of the Yin-Yang needling method as explained in the Shouyaogangrou chapter of the Lingshu. Methods : Of the seasonal needling method in the Neijing, the principle to managing the Five Shu Points and indications of each point were examined. Next, clinical applications of the Five Shu Points were analyzed. Descriptions of clinical expression were collected and examined to understand the underlying pattern. Results : If we connect the disease sites of the Yin-Yang needling method to the Five Shu Points needling method according to the seasonal changes, the Yang of Yin connects to Spring, Yin of Yang to Summer, Yang of Yang to Autumn, and Yin of Yin to Winter. Of the needling site, the collateral vessel is the collateral vessel of Spring, 'Meridian of Yin' is the meridian of the Yin domain or the meridian points of the Yin meridian. 'He of Yang' is the He point of the Yang meridian, and the Yin Xing and Shu are the Xing and Shu points of the Yin meridian. Upon examining cases in the Neijing where the Five Shu Points were applied, it could be found that the Xing and Shu points of the Yin meridian were used together, while the He point of the Yang meridian was used to eliminate Yang pathogen or to stimulate Yang qi, which matches the Yin-Yang needling method of the Shouyaogangrou chapter of the Lingshu. Conclusions : The Yin and Yang of the needling sites from the Yin-Yang needling method in the Shouyaogangrou chapter of the Lingshu refers to the Yin and Yang meridians, or the Yin and Yang domains. In the context of disease site description, the former Yin and Yang describes a spatial aspect, while the latter Yin and Yang refers to the vicissitudes of qi according to temporal change.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.157-171
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• 2000

Front Points are told to be deeply related with viscera and bowels in oriental medicine. Since the Front Points are treated as response zone, it can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of disease in viscera and bowels. The location of Front Points are very similar to the several response zones in western medicine. Diagnostic aspect of Front Points to several response zones were discussed in here based on many thesis and reported laboratorial experiments. Front Points are located in the same latitude of viscera and bowels. So, diagnosis result in Front Points represent condition of each organs. Palpitation of the Front Points can make diagnosis of body surface and the organ beneath the body surface. Such use of Front Points for diagnosis can used as the treatment points also. Only three Front Points (LU-1, LI-14, GB-24) in lung, liver and gall bladder meridian are located on its meridian. The Front Points of Stomach (CV-12) cross its meridian or closely located to it. Unlike to those four Front Points that are matched to its meridian, other eight Front Points do not located or cross its meridian at all. It seems that the location of Front Points are decided by the location of organs and the conditions at a certain organ do not delivered by the meridians but delivered by main collaterals, tertiary collaterals and superficial collaterals instead. Among visceral response zones, Five Front Points (CV-3, CV-4, CV-12, LI-14, GB-25) are exactly matched to Head's response zone and other Front Points are closely matched to the Head's response zone. There are five Front Points (CV-12, CV-14, CV-17, LI-14, GB-24) that are matched with the location of pressing palpitation point and other Front Points are closely located to the pressing palpitation point. So far, it was clear that the Front Points do have important role as response points. Symptoms expressed to the Front Points were delivered conditions or symptoms occur in corresponding organ and the anatomical location of Front Points were also found near the corresponding organ. Diagnostic and therapeutic application of Front Points for Organ theory and in the Interpromotion-restraint of the five elements in oriental medicine can be made in future to increase its potential.