• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.504-510
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• 1993

Human insulin gene is consisted of the polymorphic region with the repeating units, the regulatory sequence, the structural gene including the intervening sequence, and 3'-flanking region. The polymerase chain reaction, which amplifies the target DNA between two specific primers, has been performed for the amplification of human insulin gene and simple one-step cloning of it into Escherichia coli. Out of 1727 nuceotides compared, only 4 sites were variable: 5'-regulatory region(G2101$\rightarrow$AGG); IVS I(T2401$\rightarrow$A); Exon II(C2411 deletion); IVS II(A2740 dejection). The variations at the G2101 and T2401 were the same as those found in one American allele. The other two variations were observed only in the specific Korean allele. And, the enzyme digestion patterns among normal, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus were the same. On the other hand, PCR method showed the possibility of the quickaccess for the polymorphic region in terms of the restriction fragment length of polymorphism.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2003

The antidiabetic efficacy of Enicostemma littorale Blume (chhota chirayata) aqueous extract was examined in newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients taking only the extract and was administered as two divided doses, half an hour before meal as 5g of aqueous extract per single dose. Out of the 20 patients volunteered, 11 successfully completed the 2 month trial and a significant decrease in fasting & postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels were observed along with a significant improvement in the antioxidant parameters of the patients. There was also a significant increase in serum insulin levels in 7 patients after extract treatment as compared to levels before treatment. Serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels were decreased significantly with a significant increase in serum HDLCholesterol levels. Other vital parameters remained stable and no side effects were observed. This is the first report showing the hypoglycemic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties of the aqueous extract of E. littorale Blume in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the polymorphosms in parotid salivary proteins of the patients with diabetes mellitus. Saliva from the parotid glands was collected from 94 healthy Korean adults who were live in Kwang-ju and from 33 diabetes mellitus patients who had more than 140mg/dl of fastingblood sugar for one week. Diabetes mellitus patient group was subdivided to insulin dependent diatetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In the saliva collected from the parotid glands, parotid acidic protein(Pa), proline-rich protein(Pr) and double band protein(Db) were analyzed to evaluate the distribution of phenotype using alkaline slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results were as follows : 1. The parotid acidic protein (Pa) was found more frequently in the diabetes mellitus patient group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. 2. The Pr(1-2) type was found more frequently in the control group, but the Pr(1-1) and Pr(2-2) type were found more freqnently in the diabetes mellitus patient group and the difference of phenotypic distribution was statistically significant between the two groups. (p<0.05) 3. The parotid acidic protein(Pa) and Pr(1-2) type were found more frequently in the noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients than in the insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients, though the difference was not statistically significant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.401-406
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify some anthropometric characteristics related to the incidence of diabetes mellitus in Korea. The subjects were 165 male and female patients aged 30 to 70 years who had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for less than five year, recruied from eight different hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and triceps skinfold thickness were measured. Weight before diagnosis of diabetes was also surveyed. The body mass index(BMI) of diabetic patients before diabetic diagnosis was significantly higher than that of reference values. Fifty percent of patients had BMI values greater than 25kg/$m^2$, and female patients were somewhat fatter than male patients. Since many subjects were overweight before diagnosis, obestty could be regarded as a risk factor for the incidence of diabetes mellitus. However, waist-hip ratios(WHR) fell within the normal range, so WHR may not be regarded as an important risk factor for NIDDM in Korea. This study suggests that the risk factors of onset of diabetes in Western populations may not be applicable to the Korea population. More study is needed to clarify the risk factors of Korean diabetes.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.177-181
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• 2004

Non-invasive blood glucose measurement from mouse tail was performed by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Three groups; normal, type I diabetes (insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM), type II diabetes (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) group, were studied over a 10 weeks period with the collection of near-infrared (NIR) spectra. Spectral variations from long-term measurement (10 weeks) from dramatic and nonlinear changes in the optical properties of the live tissue sample were compensated by chemometrics techniques such as principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression. The effect from mouse body temperature changes on NIR spectral data was also considered. This study showed that the compensation of variations from long-term measurement and temperature changes improved calibration accuracy of non-invasive blood glucose measurement.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.304-313
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• 1997

This study was designed to identify the degree of perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem in non - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The 278 Diabetic patients participating in this study were selected from a diabetic clinic. The period of data collection was September 2 to September 10, 1996. Collected data were analyzed by means of Frequency, Mean, SD, t - test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA using SPSS/PC+. The result are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy were 3.52 in total, 3.91 for medication, 3.40 for exercise, 3.60 for diet control, 3.18 for glucose test, 3.53 for general management. And the mean score of self-esteem were 3.51 2. Perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem had statistically significant positive correlations (r=.3125, p=.001). 3. The results of testing for the degree of perceived self -efficacy, according to the subject's demographic variables, showed that there were significant differences in sex (t=4.14, p<0.001), the level of education(t=6.24, p<0.01) and diabetic education(t=3.25, p<0.05). These results suggest that perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem is an important variable in the compliance of diabetic patients.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.137-140
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• 2017

Diabetes mellitus has become a major growing public health problem worldwide. More than 90% of all diabetes cases are classified as type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) plays an important role in the negative regulation of insulin signal transduction pathway and has emerged as novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. PTP1B inhibitors enhance the sensibility of insulin receptor (IR) and have favorable curing effect for insulin resistance-related diseases. Recently twelve anti-diabetic xanthones were isolated from the bark of Garcinia xanthochymus. Hence, in the present study, molecular docking was carried out for these twelve xanthones. The objective of this work is to study the interaction of the newly isolated xanthones with PTP1B. The docking results showed that xanthones have good interactions and has better docking score with PTP1B and suggest LYS120 and ASP181 are the important residues involved in interaction between PTP1B enzyme and the xanthones.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.114-118
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of Inonotus obliquus as an functional resource. To assess the effects of Inonotus obliquus in culturing method by using unpolished rice in 15non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus persons, we examined changes of hematological and chemical variables, DM indices content in serum during the Inonotus obliquus supplementation. GOT, GPT concentrations were significantly decreased. But TIBC content was significantly increased. Fasting glucose level during Inonotus obliquus supplementation was decreased respectively. These results show that modest dose of Inonotus obliquus in culturing method by using unpolished rice supplementation can decrease fasting blood glucose level without any changes in health indices and nutrition status of the non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus person. These results indicated that Inonotus obliquus in culturing method by using unpolished rice diet is effective therapeutic regimen for the control of metabolic derangements in diabetes mellitus. Also, the results imply that Inonotus obliquus in culturing method by using unpolished rice can be used as possible functional food materials. However, large amounts of Inonotus obliquus in culturing method by using unpolished rice showed be used cautiously application.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2002

This study was designed to determine changes of nutritional status, diabetic indices and serum lipid composition in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients during intake of diabetic-oriented convenience food prepared from 7 medicinal plants and chicken. We conducted dietary, anthropometric and biochemical assessments before and after the intake of diabetic oriented food. Once a day, in the study, their normal lunch was replaced by the diabetic-oriented convenience food diet for 30 consecutive days. It was found that the nutrients of the diet were well-balanced, and the intake levels nearly approached those of the RDA. Obesity rate, body fat, and body weight were significantly lower than those of a normal diet. The average fasting blood glucose significantly decreased while the insulin level significantly increased after the intake of diabetic meal. Also the total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly decreased. The above results indicate that diabetic-oriented convenience food prepared from 7 medicinal plants and chicken may be used as a diet regime fer controlling the diabetes mellitus on a regular basis.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.108-120
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of social support on compliance to dietary regimen in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Two hundred eighty six adult non-insulin dependent diabetics from Seoul, Kyonggido, Kyongsangbukdo participated in the study. Researchers, dieticians, graduate students majoring in nutrition interviewed patients with a pre-structured questionnaire during June in 1998. The questionnaire included items about demographic factors, general characteristics about diabetes. social support, and compliance to dietary regimen. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation were used to analyze the data. The mean scores of support from family was 27.0(0∼44). support from relatives, friends, and colleagues was 14.7(0∼32). Mean score of intangible support from family was 19.9(0∼32) and 12.0(0∼24) from relatives, friends, and colleagues. Mean score of tangible support from family was 7.1 (0∼12) and 2.6(0∼8) from relatives, friends, and colleagues. The mean scores for compliance to dietary regimen was 31.6(0∼42). Regardless of type and source, there was significant(p<0.01) correlation between social support and dietary compliance. Therefore, inclusion of family members in nutrition education for diabetics is essential. It is necessary to find ways to increase social support from relatives, friends, and colleagues.