• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.165-170
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• 2010

In this study, the most stable portion was identified using 5% moving window during /a/ sustained phonation in normal and pathologic voice signals and the perturbation values were compared between normal and pathologic voices at the mid-point and at the most stable portion using moving window, respectively. The results revealed that some severe pathologic voice signals can be eligible for perturbation analysis by identifying the most stable portion with Err less than 10. In addition, the perturbation acoustic parameters did not differentiate the pathologic voice signals from the normal voice signals when the mid-point was selected to measure the perturbation analysis(p>0.05). However, significantly higher %shimmer and lower SNR values were observed in pathologic voices (p<0.05) when the most stable portion was selected by moving window. In conclusion, moving window could identify the most stable portion objectively which can allow toget the minimum perturbation values (%jitter, %shimmer) and maximum SNR values. Thus, moving window technique can be applicable for more reliable and accurate perturbation acoustic analysis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate prognostic factors for survival in pathologic stage IIIA/N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to identify the prognostic significance of the metastatic patterns of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) relating to survival and to recurrence and metastasis. Methods: A total of 129 patients who underwent radical resection for pathologic stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC from July 1998 to April 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The end points of this study were rates of loco-regional recurrence and distant metastasis, and survival. Results: The overall 5-year survival rate was 47.4%. A univariate analysis showed that age, pathologic T stage, and adjuvant chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors, while in multivariate analysis, pathologic T stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors. The metastasis rate was higher in patients with multi-station N2 involvement and with more than 3 positive MLNs. Further, non-regional MLN metastasis was associated with a higher loco-regional recurrence rate. Conclusion: Pathologic T stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for long-term survival in pathologic stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC. The recurrence and the metastasis rate were affected by the metastatic patterns of MLNs. These results may be helpful for planning postoperative therapeutic strategies and predicting outcomes.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.592-603
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• 2016

Pathologic tooth migration (PTM) caused by periodontal disease is a relatively common disease with a prevalance rate of 30~55%. It is one of the reasons for periodontal treatment of patients. PTM occurs when various factors related to the position of the tooth are altered and clinical features of PTM include facial flaring, diastema, proximal tilting, rotation, and extrusion of teeth. The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment of teeth of hopeless prognosis through the practice of modified intentional replantation on pathologic migrated tooth. This study presents cases using modified intentional replantation for the treatment of pathologic tooth migration caused by severe periodontitis. Modified intentional replantation is a technique that prepares extraction socket by using an implant drill. Based on 3 cases performed with modified intentional replantation, an improvement of clinical periodontal indicators such as probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, tooth mobility, and pathologic teeth migration was observed after surgery. Also, the patients were satisfied with the functional and esthetic improvement.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.37
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• pp.31.1-31.5
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• 2015

Background: Pathologic fractures are caused by diseases that lead to weakness of the bone structure. This process sometimes occurs owing to bony change after radiation therapy. Treatment of pathologic fractures may be difficult because of previous radiation therapy. Methods: In this study, we analyzed clinical and radiographic data and progress of five patients with mandibular pathological fractures who had received postoperative radiation therapy following cancer surgery. Result: Patients received an average radiation dose of 59.2 (SD, 7.2) Gy. Four of five patients exhibited bone union regardless of whether open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) was performed. Patients have the potential to heal after postoperative radiation therapy. Treatment of a pathologic fracture following postoperative radiation therapy, such as traditional treatment for other types of fractures, may be performed using OR/IF or CR. OR/IF may be selected in cases of significant bone deviation, small remaining bone volume, or occlusive change. Conclusion: Patients have the potential to heal after postoperative radiation therapy.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.187-202
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• 2016

Objectives : In this study, the relation of pathologic mechanisms of Samcho(三焦) in Hwangdineijing and Samcho-Sanghwa(三焦相火) is investigated for the purpose of understanding the concept of Samcho. Methods : The diseases and symptoms about Samcho(三焦) in Hwangdineijing and many important medical literatures including Sanghanlun(傷寒論) and Jinguiyaolue were selected and analyzed to overview the historical changes of pathologic mechanism about Samcho. Results : In comparison of the Pathologic Mechanisms of Samcho, the explanation of that in many medical literatures is different from that in Hwangdineijing, that is to say, the cause of diseases related to hyperactivity of Sanghwa became the main conditions of pathogenesis about Samcho while the blockage of qi stream through Samcho. Conclusions : The clinical expression of Samcho pathogenesis is fever with perspiration that means exhaustion of body fluid not only general fever of whole body.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.18-28
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• 2010

1. Objectives: Purpose of this paper is to study the reinterpretation of Taeyang disease(太陽病) in "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)" based on the pathologic perspective of Sa-sang Constitutional Medicine by comparing factors as pathologic mechanisms, clinical symptoms, and remedies. 2. Methods: The texts referred to pathologic mechanisms, clinical symptoms, and remedies of Taeyang disease(太陽病) described in "Donguisusebowon Gabobon(東醫壽世保元 甲午本)", "Donguisusebowon Sinchookbon(東醫壽世保元 辛丑本)", and Shanghanlun(傷寒論)" in "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)" were analysed. 3. Results and Conclusions 1) Early phase of Ulgwang symptomatic pattern(鬱狂證 初證) and of Mangyang symptomatic pattern(亡陽證初證) of Kidney Heat-based Exterior Heat disease(腎受熱表熱病), a category of Soeumin(少陰人) diseases, were described by adopting pathologic models of Taeyang-sangpung symptomatic pattern(太陽傷風證) and Sanghan-hyeol symptomatic pattern(傷寒血證) from "Sanghanlun(傷寒論)". 2) Soyang-sangpung symptomatic pattern(少陽傷風證) of Spleen Cold-based Exterior Cold diseae (脾受寒表寒病) and Hyunggyeok-yeol symptomatic pattern(胸膈熱證) of Stomach Heat-based Interior Heat disease(胃受熱裏熱病), categories of Soyangin(少陽人) diseases, were described by adopting pathologic models of Taeyang-yangsangpunghan symptomatic pattern(太陽兩傷風寒證), Soyang-sangpung symptomatic pattern(少陽傷風證) and Tayangbyong-sahak symptomatic pattern(太陽病似瘧證) from "Sanghanlun(傷寒論)". 3) Baechu-pyo symptomatic pattern(背顀表病輕證) and Hangual symptomatic pattern(寒厥證) of Esophagus Cold-based Exterior Cold disease(胃脘受寒表寒病), a category of Taeeumin(太陰人) diseases, was described by adopting pathologic models of Taeyang-sanghan symptomatic pattern(太陽傷寒證) and Hangual symptomatic pattern(寒厥證) from "Sanghanlun(傷寒論)". 4) Je-Ma Lee reinterpreted various diseases classified as Taeyang disease(太陽病) with the pathologic perspective of Sa-sang Constitutional Medicine. Different from existing medicine, diseases were analysed and treated by the standard, constitution of the patient.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.75.1-75.7
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• 2022

Background: Since 2013, the number of requests for diagnosis for horses based on neurological symptoms has increased rapidly in South Korea. The affected horses have commonly exhibited symptoms of acute seasonal hindlimb ataxia. A previous study from 2015-2016 identified Setaria digitata as the causative agent. Objectives: This study is an epidemiological investigation to find out risk factors related to the rapid increase in hindlimb ataxia of horses due to aberrant parasites in South Korea. Methods: An epidemiological investigation was conducted on 155 cohabiting horses in 41 horse ranches where the disease occurred. The surrounding environment was investigated at the disease-causing horse ranches (n = 41) and 20, randomly selected, non-infected ranches. Results: Hindlimb ataxia was confirmed in nine cohabiting horses; this was presumed to be caused by ectopic parasitism. Environments that mosquitoes inhabit, such as paddy fields within 2 km and less than 0.5 km from a river, had the greatest association with disease occurrence. Conclusions: Most horse ranches in South Korea are situated in favorable environments for mosquitoes. Moreover, the number of mosquitoes in the country has increased since 2013 due to climate change. Additional research is required; however, these data show that it is necessary to establish guidelines for the use of anthelmintic agents based on local factors in South Korea and disinfection of the environment to prevent disease outbreaks.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.111-123
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• 2017

Objectives: To develop and investigate the reliability of the pathologic aging scale based on korean medical theory and korean medical pattern identification for dementia. Methods: We searched the textbook of korean neurophychiatry and Donguibogam and selected items through professional consensus. We compared between dementia(n=40) and normal elderly(n=38) and tested the reliability of two scales. Results: After professional consensus, we drafted the Korean Medical Pathologic Aging Scale(12 items, Likert 3 scale) and Korean Medical Pattern Identification for Dementia(4 patterns, 28 items, Likert 5 scale). On Korean Medical Pathologic Aging Scale, There is no significant difference between two groups. We had good internal consistency(Cronbach's alpha = 0.6) and test-retest reliability(r=0.631) but low inter-rater reliability(r=0.430). On Korean Medical Pattern Identification for Dementia, dementia patients diagnosed with Qi deficiency are significantly more than those in normal group. We had fairly good internal consistency(Cronbach's alpha = 0.574) and excellent test-retest(kappa= .800) and inter-rater reliability(kappa = .733). Conclusions: Korean Medical Pattern Identification for Dementia is appropriate for diagnosing korean medical pattern. But Korean Medical Pathologic Aging Scale isn't appropriate to discriminate dementia from normal elderly because of many subjective items. Therefore objective measurement of sensory dysfunction would be needed to measure pathologic aging based on korean medical theory.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.85-108
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• 2014

Objectives: Chiljeong means the basic emotions containing joy, anger, anxiety, depression, fear and fright in Korean traditional medicine. Chiljeong was considered as a cause diseases or syndrome. The pathology of Chiljeong described the action of the gi and the principle of eumyangohaeng. When we treat the psychiatric symptoms in Korean traditional medicine, we need to understand the pathologic mechanism of Chiljeong. Methods: We extract the sentences regarding Chiljeong, Oji, Chilgi and Gugi along with the related words in Donguibogam. We analyze the selected sentences and classify the pathologic mechanism according to the general and seven emotions. Results: We found that several parts were related to Chiljeong, except the Sinmun, including the psychiatric symptoms in Donguibogam. Conclusions: The most frequently mentioned affected areas of basic Jangbu are Sim and Gan. The pathologic mechanism of general emotion was categorized by sentences into 4 groups, Giul, Dameum, Hwa and Heo.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 1997

Background : For example, aerodynamic study, vibratory study, acoustic study, neuro-muscular test and psychoacoustic evaluation, a number of objective methods are now available for assessing pathologic voice change. They help to differentiate pathologic condition from normal condition and to monitor pathologic and aging change. These laboratory analyses are used commonly to monitor speech therapy and to follow a patient's recovery after surgery. Objectives : We investigated the values of jitter, shimmer and NNE of normal person and hoarseness patients in Korea. The values of Jitter and shimmer might be meaningful parameters distinguishing pathologic vibration from normal and recovery after surgery. Materials and Methods : Statistical significance between normal control and 48 subjects taken microlaryngeal surgery were compared with Dr. speech science program that is computerized system for acoustic analysis of voice production employed to determine vocal characteristics of pitch perturbation(jitter) and amplitude perturbation(shimmer). Results : The mean normal values of jitter and shimmer were 0.226${\pm}$0.110(%), 2.200${\pm}$0.421(%) in male and 0.164${\pm}$0.060(%), 2.063 ${\pm}$0.575(%) in female. In patients with vocal nodule, the preoperative and postoperative values of jitter and shimmer were valueless. In patients with vocal polyps, the preoperative and postoperative values of jitter and shimmer were valuable. Conclusion : Dr. speech science program was effective to monitor laryngeal disease and aging changes.