• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1409-1415
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• 2009

Obesity is especially a serious health problem in industrialized countries, because it is considered to be a risk factor associated with the genesis or development of various metabolic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on induction of apoptossis and inhibition of adipogenesis in in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes. The results demonstrated that tanshinone IIA decreased cell population growth of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, assessed with the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) assay. Flow cytometric analysis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes exposed to tanshinone IIA showed that apoptotic cells increased in a timeand dose-dependent manner. Treatment with tanshinone IIA decreased the number of normal cells and increased the number of apoptotic cells in a dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by tanshinone IIA was mediated through the activation of caspase-3 and Bax, and then through the cleavage of PARP and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, tanshinone IIA significantly decreased the amount of intracellular triglycerides and GPDH (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results suggest that tanshinone IIA efficiently induces apoptosis and inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.158-162
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• 1999

The rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(Labiatae) has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of coronary heart diseases and myocardial infarction. As a part of a research for standardization of crude oriental drugs, we have determined the content of tanshinone IIA in Salvia miltiorrhiza purchased from various regions of Korea. The HPLC method by which quantitative analysis was conducted, showed reproducible results and chromatographic isolation of tanshinone IIA was accomplished successively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4301-4305
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• 2014

Tanshinone IIA is a pharmacologically active ingredient extracted from Danshen, a Chinese traditional medicine. Its molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The present study utilized computational approaches to uncover the potential targets of this compound. In this research, PharmMapper server was used as the inverse docking tool andnd the results were verified by Autodock vina in PyRx 0.8, and by DRAR-CPI, a server for drug repositioning via the chemical-protein interactome. Results showed that the retinoic acid receptor alpha ($RAR{\alpha}$), a target protein in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), was in the top rank, with a pharmacophore model matching well the molecular features of Tanshinone IIA. Moreover, molecular docking and drug repurposing results showed that the complex was also matched in terms of structure and chemical-protein interactions. These results indicated that $RAR{\alpha}$ may be a potential target of Tanshinone IIA for APL. The study can provide useful information for further biological and biochemical research on natural compounds.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.925-928
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• 1999

The process of transcription is the major point at which gene expression is regulated. The jun and fos families of eukaryotic transcription factor heterodimerize to form complexes capable of binding 5'-TGAGTCA-3'DNA elements (AP-1 binding site). To search for the inhibitors of the jun-fos-DNA complex formation, several natural products extracts were screened and methanol extract of tanshen (the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) showed remarkable inhibitory activity. The active compounds of the extracts were purified using re-peated column chromatography and recrystallization. Their structures were identified as tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA. Through the electrophoresis mobility shift assay and cell cytotoxicity test, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA were identified as inhibitors that suppress not only AP-1 function but also the cell proliferation. Tanshinone I also suppressed the jun-fos-DNA complex formation in TPA-induced NIH 3T3 cells.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2020

In this study, the marker compound contents of both the taproot and lateral root of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix), which is cultivated in Korea, were investigated. The salvianolic acid B content was the highest in the taproot (5.17-6.75%) and lateral root (3.99-5.69%). The cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA contents were higher in the lateral root than in the taproot of Danshen (p <0.05). Principal component analysis results revealed that the taproot was correlated to the salvianic acid A, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, and salvianolic acid A contents, whereas the lateral root was correlated to the cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA contents. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the taproot were higher than those of the lateral root (p <0.05); however, the antioxidant activities of the taproot and lateral root of Danshen were similar. The salvianolic acid B content was correlated to the TPC of the taproot (r=0.748) and the 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity of the lateral root (r=0.847). This study could provide useful information for the classification of Danshen as a herbal medicinal product.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.660-664
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 분석용 HPLC를 사용하여 단삼(Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge; SMB)의 추출물로부터 Tanshinone IIA (TIIA)를 분리하였다. 우선 유기용매를 사용하여 추출 및 전처리한 단삼 추출액으로부터 HPLC를 사용하여 TIIA을 분석하였으며, 고순도의 TIIA을 분리하기 위한 최적의 분석조건을 실험적으로 구하였다. 모든 단삼 시료들은 메탄올, 에틸아세테이트, 에탄올 등과 같은 유기용매로 추출하고 비교 분석하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 추출용매로 메탄올을 사용한 경우, 단삼으로부터 TIIA의 추출효율이 가장 우수 하였다. 또한 TIIA를 분석하기 위한 조건으로는 $C_{18}$ 컬럼을 사용 하였고, 이동상은 물과 메탄올을 사용하여 주로 등용매 용리를 적용하였을 때, SMB 1 mg에 $2.154{\mu}g$ TIIA를 분말로 추출하였다.

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한임상약리학회 2006년도 제15차 추계학술대회
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• pp.103-103
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• 2006

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.599-608
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• 2017

Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a pharmacologically active substance extracted from the rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (also known as the Chinese herb Danshen), and is widely used to treat atherosclerosis. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that is a key regulator of xenobiotic and endobiotic detoxification. Tan IIA is an efficacious PXR agonist that has a potential protective effect on endothelial injuries induced by xenobiotics and endobiotics via PXR activation. Previously numerous studies have demonstrated the possible effects of Tan IIA on human umbilical vein endothelial cells, but the further mechanism for its exerts the protective effect is not well established. To study the protective effects of Tan IIA against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we pretreated cells with or without different concentrations of Tan IIA for 24 h, then exposed the cells to $400{\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$ for another 3 h. Therefore, our data strongly suggests that Tan IIA may lead to increased regeneration of glutathione (GSH) from the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) produced during the GSH peroxidase-catalyzed decomposition of $H_2O_2$ in HUVECs, and the PXR plays a significant role in this process. Tan IIA may also exert protective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway associated with the participation of PXR. Tan IIA protected HUVECs from inflammatory mediators triggered by $H_2O_2$ via PXR activation. In conclusion, Tan IIA protected HUVECs against $H_2O_2$-induced cell injury through PXR-dependent mechanisms.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.804-810
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 고품질 단삼을 생산하기 위한 재배지대 구분과 수확시기에 따른 단삼의 생산성 및 성분함량에 대한 기초자료를 확보하기 위하여 온도조건별 생리반응과 수확시기별 품질을 조사하였다. 동화산물의 축적과 수분이용 효율에 영향을 미치는 광합성율, 증산율 및 엽록소 형광반응을 조사한 결과 $20^{\circ}C$에서 광합성율, 기공전도도, 수분이용 효율이 가장 좋았고 광보상점이 가장 낮아 약광조건에서도 광합성 효율이 높았으며, 최대광합성속도도와 순양자수율도 가장 높았다. 수확시기에 따른 단삼뿌리의 생육 및 수량은 큰 차이가 없었으나 salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA의 함량은 수확시기가 늦을수록 유의하게 증가하였으며 salvianolic acid B 함량이 가장 많았으며 수확시기별로는 11월 상순에 비해 이듬해 3월 중순 이후에 수확시료에서 약25.5배 증가하였다. Cryprotanshinone, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA 함량 또한 2015년 3월 20일 수확한 시료에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 따라서 단삼재배에 적합한 온도는 $20^{\circ}C$전후가 적절한 것으로 사료되며 상대적으로 고온조건인 $30^{\circ}C$에서 광합성율, 증산율, 엽록소 형광반응이 크게 저하되므로 서늘한 기후조건인 준고랭지 이상의 지역에서 단삼을 재배하는 것이 유리할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 고품질 단삼 유통을 위한 적정 수확시기는 단삼을 파종한 다음 해 3월 중순 이후에 수확을 하는 것이 합리적인 것으로 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.335-345
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• 2022

Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death that is linked with invading intracellular pathogens. Cardiac pyroptosis has a significant role in coronary microembolization (CME), thus causing myocardial injury. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) has powerful cardioprotective effects. Hence, this study aimed to identify the effect of Tan IIA on CME and its underlying mechanism. Forty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly grouped into sham, CME, CME + low-dose Tan IIA, and CME + high-dose Tan IIA groups. Except for the sham group, polyethylene microspheres (42 ㎛) were injected to establish the CME model. The Tan-L and Tan-H groups received intraperitoneal Tan IIA for 7 days before CME. After CME, cardiac function, myocardial histopathology, and serum myocardial injury markers were assessed. The expression of pyroptosis-associated molecules and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/NLRP3 cascade was evaluated by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and IHC. Relative to the sham group, CME group's cardiac functions were significantly reduced, with a high level of serum myocardial injury markers, and microinfarct area. Also, the levels of caspase-1 p20, GSDMD-N, IL-18, IL-1β, TLR4, MyD88, p-NF-κB p65, NLRP3, and ASC expression were increased. Relative to the CME group, the Tan-H and Tan-L groups had considerably improved cardiac functions, with a considerably low level of serum myocardial injury markers and microinfarct area. Tan IIA can reduce the levels of pyroptosis-associated mRNA and protein, which may be caused by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/NLRP3 cascade. In conclusion, Tanshinone IIA can suppress cardiomyocyte pyroptosis probably through modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/NLRP3 cascade, lowering cardiac dysfunction, and myocardial damage.