• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.85-100
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this thesis is to help the preparation of oriental medicine clinical guidelines for drawing up the standards of oriental medicine demonstration and diagnosis classification about the neck pain. Methods : Statistical analysis about Gyeonghangtong(頸項痛), Nakchim(落枕), Sagyeong(斜頸), Hanggang (項强) classified experts' opinions about neck pain patients by Delphi method is conducted by using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire. The result was classified by using linear discriminant analysis (LDA), diagonal linear discriminant analysis (DLDA), diagonal quadratic discriminant analysis (DQDA), K-nearest neighbor classification (KNN), classification and regression trees (CART), support vector machines (SVM). Results : The results are summarized as follows. 1. The result analyzed by using LDA has a hit rate of 84.47% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 2. High hit rate was shown when the test for three categories such as Gyeonghangtong and Hanggang category, Sagyeong caterogy and Nakchim caterogy was conducted. 3. The result analyzed by using DLDA has a hit rate of 58.25% in comparison with the original diagnosis. The result analyzed by using DQDA has a accuracy of 57.28% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 4. The result analyzed by using KNN has a hit rate of 69.90% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 5. The result analyzed by using CART has a hit rate of 69.60% in comparison with the original diagnosis. There was a hit rate of 70.87% When the test of selected 8 significant questions based on analysis of variance was performed. 6. The result analyzed by using SVM has a hit rate of 80.58% in comparison with the original diagnosis. Conclusions : Statistical analysis using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire on neck pain generally turned out to have a significant result.

• 핵의학기술
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.15-19
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The aim of study is to find a correlation between Salivary clearance rate using saliva and blood and Secretion rate and Excretion rate using Salivary gland Scan images. Materials and Methods: Salivary Scan and Stimulate clearance of $^{99m}Tc$-pertechnate was performed in 20 patients with moderate function(group 1), 9 patients with severe function glands (group 2), 3 patients with non function (group 3) and normal 6 controls. Salivay clearance rate was compare with Secretion rate and Excretion rate of Salivary glands' ROI. Result: Stimulate salivary clearance of normal controls was 18.4 ml/min, salivary clearance of group 1 was 10.1 ml/min, salivary clearance of group 2 was 10.4 ml/min and salivary clearance of group 3 was 2.3 ml/min. Significant difference was found between normal controls and group 2,3 (p<0.05, p<0.05). Secretion rate and Excretion rate of normal controls was 21.6%, 24.6%, Secretion rate and Excretion rate of group 1 was 17.6%, 24.0%, Secretion rate and Excretion rate of group 2 was 8.8%, 13.9% and Secretion rate and Excretion rate of group 3 was 5.6%, 2.9%. Significant difference was found between normal controls and group 2,3 (p<0.05, p<0.05). Conclusions: Stimulate salivary clearance using saliva and blood and Secretion rate and Excretion rate using Salivary gland Scan images accord well together.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 2012

Objectives : This study is perfomed for preparation of oriental medicine clinical guidelines for drawing up the standards of oriental medicine demonstration and diagnosis classification about the knee pain. Methods : Statistical analysis about Crane's-knee wind(鶴膝風), arthralgia syndrome(痺症), knee injury(膝傷), gout arthritis(痛風), Youk jeol poung(歷節風) classified experts' opinions about knee pain patients by Delphi method is conducted by using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire. The result was classified by using linear discriminant analysis(LDA), diagonal linear discriminant analysis(DLDA), diagonal quadratic discriminant analysis(DQDA), K-nearest neighbor classification(KNN), classification and regression trees(CART), support vector machines(SVM). Results : The results are summarized as follows. 1. The result analyzed by using LDA has a hit rate of 81.65% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 2. The result analyzed by using DLDA has a hit rate of 63.3% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 3. The result analyzed by using DQDA has a hit rate of 65.14% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 4. The result analyzed by using KNN has a hit rate of 74.31% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 5. The result analyzed by using CART has a hit rate of 75.23% in comparison with the original diagnosis when the test of selected 13 significant questions based on analysis of variance was performed. 6. The result analyzed by using SVM has a hit rate of 87.16% in comparison with the original diagnosis. Conclusions : Statistical analysis using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire on knee pain generally turned out to have a significant result.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2019

Background: Transforaminal epidural block (TFEB) is an effective treatment option for radicular pain. To reduce complications from intravascular injection during TFEB, use of imaging modalities such as real-time fluoroscopy (RTF) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has been recommended. In this study, we investigated whether DSA improved the detection of intravascular injection during TFEB at the whole spine level compared to RTF. Methods: We prospectively examined 316 patients who underwent TFEB. After confirmation of final needle position using biplanar fluoroscopy, 2 mL of nonionic contrast medium was injected at a rate of 0.5 mL/s under RTF; 30 s later, 2 mL of nonionic contrast medium was injected at a rate of 0.5 mL/s under DSA. Results: Thirty-six intravascular injections were detected for an overall rate of 11.4% using RTF, with 45 detected for a rate of 14.2% using DSA. The detection rate using DSA was statistically different from that using RTF (p=0.004). DSA detected a significantly higher proportion of intravascular injections at the cervical level than at the thoracic (p=0.009) and lumbar (p=0.011) levels. Conclusion: During TFEB at the whole spine level, DSA was better than RTF for the detection of intravascular injection. Special attention is advised for cervical TFEB, because of a significantly higher intravascular injection rate at this level than at other levels.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제20권9호
• /
• pp.1491-1501
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we propose a method to measure respiration rate by dividing the respiration related region in depth image using level set method. In the conventional method, the respiration related region was separated using the pre-defined region designated by the user. We separate the respiration related region using level set method combining shape prior knowledge. Median filter and clipping are performed as a preprocessing method for noise reduction in the depth image. As a feasibility test, respiration activity was recorded using depth camera in various environments with arm movements or body movements during breathing. Respiration activity was also measured simultaneously using a chest belt to verify the accuracy of calculated respiration rate. Experimental results show that our proposed method shows good performance for respiration rate estimation in various situation compared with the conventional method.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2019

Background: Lumbosacral transforaminal epidural injection (TFEI) is an effective treatment for spinal disease. However, TFEI may have several types of complications, some of which can be attributed to intravascular injection. We reviewed studies to compare the intravascular injection rate among different needle types. Methods: We searched the literature for articles on the intravascular injection rate among different needle types used in TFEI. The search was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Results: A total of six studies comprising 2359 patients were identified. Compared with the Quincke needle, the Whitacre needle reduced the intravascular injection rate (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = [0.44-0.73], P < 0.001). However, compared with the Quincke needle, the Chiba needle did not reduce the intravascular injection rate (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = [0.44-1.45], P = 0.46). In one study, the intravascular injection rate using a blunt-tip needle was lower than that using a sharp needle. In another study, the Whitacre and the blunt-tip needle have similar intravascular injection rates, while, the catheter-extension needle showed a reduced intravascular injection rate. Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that the Whitacre needle reduced the intravascular injection rate as compared with the Quincke needle, but failed to establish that the Chiba needle can decrease the intravascular injection rate in TFEI. Moreover, the blunt-tip needle can reduce the intravascular injection rate compared with the Quincke needle, and the catheter-extension needle can reduce the intravascular injection rate compared with the Whitacre and the blunt-tip needle.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 2006

1. Objectives We are going to develope 3D Face Recognition Apparatus to analyse the facial characteristics of the Sasangin. In the process, we should identify the recognition rate of the three dimensional position using this Apparatus. 2. Methods We took a photograph of calibrator($280{\times}400mm$) with interval of 20mm longitudinal direction of 10 times using 3D Face Recognition Apparatus. In the practice, we obtained 967 point to the exclusion of points deviating from the visual field of dual camera. And we made a comparison between measurement values and three dimensional standard values to calculate the errors. 3. Results and Conclusions In this test, the average error rate of X axis values was 0.019% and the maximum error rate of X axis values was 0.033%, the average error rate of Y axis values was 0.025% and the maximum error rate of Y axis values was 0.044%, the average error rate of Z axis values was 0.158% and the maximum error rate of Z axis values was 0.269%. This results exhibit much improvement upon the average error rate 1% and the maximum error rate 2.242% of the existing 3D Recognition Apparatus. In conclusion, we assessed that this apparatus was adaptable to abstract the facial characteristic point from three dimensional face shape in the mechanical aspects.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2003

Objectives : We investigated the effects of the economic growth and unemployment rates on the suicide rate in Korea, between 1983 and 2000, using a time-series regression model. The purpose of this study was to model and test the magnitude of the rate of suicide, with the Korean unemployment rate and GDP. Methods : Using suicide rate per 100,000 Koreans and the unemployment rates between 1983 and 2000, as published by the Korea National Statistical Office, and the rate of fluctuation of the Korean GDP (Gross Domestic Product), as provided by the Bank of Korea, as an index of the economic growth rate, a time-series regression analysis, with a first-order autoregressive regression model, was peformed. Results : An 81.5% of the variability in the suicide rate was explained by GDP, and 82.6% Of that was explained by the unemployment rate. It was also observed that the GDP negatively correlated with the suicide rate, while the unemployment and suicide rates were positively correlated. For subjects aged over 20, both the GDP and unemployment rate were found to be a significant factors in explaining suicide rates, with coefficients of determination of 86.5 and 87.9%, respectively. For subjects aged under 20, however, only the GDP was found to be a significant factor in explaning suicide rates (the coefficient of determination is 38.4%). Conclusion : It was found that the suicide rate was closely related to the National's economic status of Korea, which is similar to the results found in studies in other countries. We expected, therefore, that this study could be used as the basis for further suicide-related studies.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2022

Background: This study was performed to evaluate periprocedural factors, complications, and repuncture rate of the newly developed puncture needle and compare it with the routinely used puncture needle for ultrasound (US)-guided paracentesis. Methods: We retrospectively identified 137 patients who underwent US-guided paracentesis between July 2018 and March 2019. Among them, 82 patients underwent US-guided paracentesis with a newly developed puncture needle. The other 55 patients underwent US-guided paracentesis with a routinely used puncture needle. The periprocedural factors, complications, and repuncture rate were compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test. The repuncture-associated factors were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results: There were no major or minor complications in either group. The rate of repuncture was significantly lower in the group using the newly developed puncture needle compared with the group using the routinely used puncture needle (p=0.01). The duration of the procedure was significantly shorter with the newly developed puncture needle compared with the routinely used puncture needle (p=0.01). In univariate analysis, the thickness of the abdominal wall (p=0.04) and the use of the newly developed puncture needle (p=0.01) were significantly associated with the rate of repuncture. In multivariate analysis, only the use of the newly developed puncture needle was significantly associated with the rate of repuncture. Conclusion: Using this novel puncture needle with a hard plastic sheath and plastic wings, the rate of repuncture and the duration of the procedure were decreased without complications of US-guided paracentesis.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.35-54
• /
• 1999

This thesis shows about the meaning of treatment rate increasing, the current treated level and the reason of low treatment rate and increasing methods. 1. Treatment rate incresing means high treat level within short time, keeping treatment effect for a long time as well as raising treatment rate. 2. The current by diseases each others completed treatment rate of oriental medicine is 14.0% to 89.7%$(mean:\;{\pm}40.0%)$. Therefore the rate is show too low. 3. The reasons of low treatment rate; low academic level of oriental, academic limitation, clinic and prevention problem of oriental medicine, lack of medical approch suitable for current diseases and symptoms, mostly incurrable diseases using oriental medicine, lack of preventive education, disappropriate medical service and nonspecialty of the treatment, etc. 4. The next methods for incresing the treatment rate must be improved; such as accurate establishment of process that diagnosis symptoms and treats them, system research of microdiagnosis, positive treatment with medicine and nonmedicine method at the same time, appropriate subdivision and actualization of clinical basic research, research of dose and response, diversity of treatment methods and forms, development of treatment service and prevention based on health level, enormous change as cure medicine and opening-up of new disease field, specialization of medical examination, reinforcement of public medical part and herbal drugs use with same origin, mental and pysical stability of patients, accurate extract and oral drinking ways, etc.