• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.67-70
• /
• 2009

고농도 과산화수소를 이용한 연구가 활발해짐에 따라 과산화수소의 국내 생산을 위한 증류 방법에 대한 연구가 요구된다. 증류 방법에는 증류할 물질의 공급방식과 증류 회수, 증류 압력 등의 증류 조건에 따라 여러 가지 방법이 존재하며 과산화수소 증류에는 진공증류법이 사용된다. 진공 증류는 과산화수소의 열분해와 공기 중 입자와의 반응을 줄일 수 있다. 증류 조건은 Raoult's law를 이용하여 결정하였다. 실험 장치의 낮은 진공도와 진공도의 조절이 중요한 문제로 나타났으나 진공 챔버의 교체로 진공의 누설을 막아 진공도를 높였으며, 실험 장치에 정량밸브를 설치하여 진공도를 조절하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.313-319
• /
• 2016

In this study, the performance experiment was conducted to compare the permeate flux of hollow fiber Vacuum Membrane Distillation module according to leak problem between module housing and membrane bundle. For the permeate flux performance experiment of the two Vacuum Membrane Distillation modules, the Lab-scale experimental equipment was built in the capacity of $1m^3/day$. The performance test of the two Vacuum Membrane Distillation modules were analyzed according to the feed water conditions. As a result, it was analyzed that the leak VMD module decreased about 14% of permeate flux than normal VMD module.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2009년도 제33회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.89-92
• /
• 2009

고농도 과산화수소를 추진제로 이용하는 연구가 활발해짐에 따라서 고농도 과산화수소의 국내 생산을 위한 과산화수소 증류에 관한 연구가 필요하게 되었다. 과산화수소의 열분해를 막기 위하여 진공 증류법을 이용하였으며, 증류 압력은 Raoult's law를 이용하여 $40^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 증류가 이루어 질 수 있도록 30 torr로 선정하였다. 실험을 위한 변수로는 증류 온도를 선정하였으며, 증류에 걸린 시간과 증류 후에 계산한 수득율을 성능 평가 대상으로 선정하였다. 실험 결과, 대체로 증류에 소요된 시간이 짧을수록 수득율이 낮으며, 리시버 내의 물의 과산화수소 농도도 더 높은 것을 확인하였다. 또한 비슷한 시간 동안 증류를 수행하였을 경우, 증류 온도가 높을수록 더 높은 농도에 도달하며, 수득율이 낮은 경향을 보였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2012

Sweet potato soju(SPS) has been made by vacuum distillation because sweet potato contains much fibrous materials which give high density to sweet potato mash. Generally, the SPS made by vacuum distillation has soft flavors and tastes. If the viscosity of sweet potato mash could be decreased by degradation enzyme, the process and production of SPS making by the method of vacuum distillation may be simplified and easier to distil the fermented sweet potato. Because the fibrous materials of sweet potato contains pectin with methoxyl group, methanol can be produced by fibrous degradation enzyme. For appling the fiber degradation enzymes to sweet potato mash for making SPS, the enzyme should be needed to degrade fibrous material without producing methanol. Special two fibrolytic enzymes are selected from 26 kind of commercial enzymes for the simplified and easier production of sweet potato soju by vacuum distillation, The selected enzyme A and X can degrade the fibrous material pectin of sweet potato without producing methanol. Although the different companies have produced the enzymes, same cellulase has been prepared from Trichoderma. reesei. The viscosity of sweet potato mash treated by the enzymes is decreased by 3 times with comparison to the viscosity of sweet potato mash of control group. The methanol concentration in the vacuum distilled SPS treated with the enzymes is 0.16%. The concentration is similar to that of commercially distilled SPS(0.15%). The result may suggest that the selected cellulases, A and X, can be used to make SPS by vacuum distillation.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.303-309
• /
• 2010

사용후핵연료 건식처리공정(pyrochemical process)에서 LiCl-KCl 공융염의 회수는 방사성폐기물 부피감량과 원료물질 회수를 위해 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문은 진공증류공정을 이용하여 희토류 침전물(희토류 산염화물 또는 산화물)내 잔류하는 LiCl-KCl 공융염 회수에 관한 것이다. 진공증류시험장치에서 희토류 침전물내 공융염은 효과적으로 휘발 및 분리되었다. 분리된 공융염은 감압증류시험장내 세 지점에서 침적되거나 필터에 포집되으며, 침적되거나 포집된 공융염을 회수하는 것은 쉽지 않았다. 이 문제점을 해결하기 위해 감압조건에서 온도구배를 이용하여 공융염 거동을 제어할 수 있는 공융염 진공증류/응축회수 시스템을 개발하였으며, 이 장치를 이용하여 휘발된 공융염을 회수용기에서만 응축시켜 쉽게 회수할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.51-62
• /
• 2022

Vacuum-assisted air gap membrane distillation (V-AGMD) has the potential to achieve higher flux and productivity than conventional air gap membrane distillation (AGMD). Nevertheless, there is not much information on technical aspects of V-AGMD operation. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the effect of membrane deformation on flux in V-AGMD operation. Experiments were carried out using a bench-scale V-AGMD system. Statistical models were applied to understand the flux behaviors. Statistical models based on MLR, GNN, and MLFNN techniques were developed to describe the experimental data. Results showed that the flux increased by up to 4 times with the application of vacuum in V-AGMD compared with conventional AGMD. The flux in both AGMD and V-AGMD is affected by the difference between the air gap pressure and the saturation pressure of water vapor, but their dependences were different. In V-AGMD, the membranes were found to be deformed due to the vacuum pressure because they were not fully supported by the spacer. As a result, the deformation reduced the effective air gap width. Nevertheless, the rejection and LEP were not changed even if the deformation occurred. The flux behaviors in V-AGMD were successfully interpreted by the GNN and MLFNN models. According to the model calculations, the relative impact of the membrane deformation ranges from 10.3% to 16.1%.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2008

To develop a recycling process of magnesium alloy scrap, a fundamental study on the distillation of magnesium alloy melt was carried out. Melt temperature, vacuum degree and reaction time were considered as experimental variables. The amount of vaporized magnesium melt per unit surface area of melt increases with the increase of melt temperature, reaction time and vacuum degree. The vapor condensed at the tip of water cooling Cu-condenser as a form of pine cone. Magnesium and zinc were vaporized easily from the melt. However, It's difficult to separate magnesium and zinc by vacuum distillation because vapor pressure of zinc is similar to one of magnesium. The contents of aluminum, manganese and iron, etc. in residual melt increase due to the decrease of magnesium and zinc content after the distillation of magnesium alloy.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.154-161
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 소수성 PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) 분리막의 산소동위원소 분리특성을 확인하기 위해 물의 온도에 따른 수증기의 막 투과특성을 Air Cap Membrane Distillation (AGMD)과 Vacuum Enhanced Membrane Distillation (VEMD) 방법을 이용하여 각각 측정하였다. 투과된 수증기는 트랩에서 수거하여 투과플럭스 (permeation flux)를 측정하였고$ H_2^{16}O$와 $H_2^{18}O$의 성분비는 다이오드 레이저 흡수분광법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 분리막을 투과한 수증기에서 무거운 산소동위원소의 성분비가 감소함을 확인하였고 분리계수는 실험 조건에 따라 1.004~1.01로 측정되었다. 또한 분리막의 기공에 있는 공기가 산소동위원소의 분리에 미치는 영향을 확인하였고 기공내 공기가 없을 때 동위원소 분리계수가 증가함을 관찰하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2014

This study was accomplished to get the foundation design data of VMD(Vacuum Membrane Distillation) system for Solar Thermal VMD plant. VMD experiment was designed to evaluate thermal performance of VMD using PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) hollow fiber hydrophobic membranes. The total membrane surface area in a VMD module is $5.3m^2$. Experimental equipments to evaluate VMD system consists of various parts such as VMD module, heat exchanger, heater, storage tank, pump, flow meter, micro filter. The experimental conditions to evaluate VMD module were salt concentration, temperature, flow rate of feed sea water. Salt concentration of feed water were used by aqueous NaCl solutions of 25g/l, 35g/l and 45g/l concentration. As a result, increase in permeate flux of VMD module is due to the increasing feed water temperature and feed water flow rate. Also, decrease in permeate flux of VMD module is due to increasing salinity of feed water. VMD module required about 590 kWh/day of heating energy to produce $1m^3/day$ of fresh water.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.339-346
• /
• 2017

In this study, thermal performance test of VMD module was performed, prior to the construction of the demonstration plant using the vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) module of the capacity of $400m^3/day$ and to the commercialization of the VMD module. For the thermal performance test, the experimental equipment of capacity of $2m^3/day$ was constructed. The permeate flux test and thermal performance test according to feed water conditions such as temperature and flow rate were conducted. The VMD module used in the study was manufactured by ECONITY Co., LTD with PVDF hollow fiber membrane. As a result, the Performance Ratio (PR) of the VMD module showed the maximum value of 0.904 under the condition of feed water temperature of $75^{\circ}C$ and flow rate of $8m^3/h$. PR value of the VMD module using PVDF hollow fiber membrane showed linearly increasing relationship with feed water temperature and flow rate. Also, The permeate flux of the VMD module was analyzed to have maximum value of 18.25 LMH and the salt rejection was 99.99%.