Studies on the Enzymes Produced by Basidiomycetes - Part 1. The Production of Crude Enzymes -

담자균(擔子菌)이 생산(生産)하는 효소(酵素)에 관한 연구(硏究) - 제1보(第一報). 조효소(粗酵素)의 생산(生産)에 관하여 -

Among the Basidiomycetes, Pleurotus ostreatus 301 and Lentinus edodes 3-1 were chosen because of their good enzyme productivity and rapid mycelial growth in rice straw medium. Their cultural conditions adequate for the enzymes production and effects of various materials and inorganic salts added to thd rice straw media were investigated. L. edodes 3-1 was excellent in productivity of cellulase and xylanase, and P. ostreatus 301 in protease. The optimum conditions for enzyme production were at $30^{\circ}C$ in cellulase production and at $25^{\circ}C$ in xylanase and protease production, with 75% moisture content and 5.0-6.0 initial pH. The appropriate cultural periods, for enzyme production were 30 days and 35 days for P. ostreatus 301 and L. edodes 3-1, respectively. Among the various materials added, defatted soybean, defatted rape seed, or defatted sesame were all effective to enzyme production but reduced mycelial growth. Rice bran was also effective, particularly at 30% concentration. The addition of inorganic salts showed effective to enzyme production. Among inorganic salts, optimum concentration of $CaCO_3$ was 5%, and that of $CaSO_4$ was 2%.

몇개의 담자균류(擔子菌類)중 볏짚배지(培地)에서 효소생산(酵素生産)이 양호(良好)하고 균사생육(菌絲生育)이 빠른 균주(菌株)로 P. ostreatus 301과 L. edodes 3-1을 선정(選定)하여 이들 균주(菌株)의 효소생산(酵素生産)에 대한 최적배양조건(最適培養條件) 및 배지(培地)에 부원료(副原料)와 무기염류(無機鹽類)를 첨가(添加)했을때 효소생산(酵素生産)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 검토(檢討)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) Cellulase와 xylanase의 생산(生産)은 L. edodes 3-1이 protease는 P. ostreatus 301이 우수하였다. 2) 효소생산(酵素生産)의 최적조건(最適條件)은 배양온도(培養溫度)가 cellulase는 $30^{\circ}C$, xylanase와 protease는 $25^{\circ}C$, 수분함량(水分含量)은 75%, $pH\;5.0{\sim}6.0$이었다. 3) 배양기간(培養期間)은 P. ostreatus 301이 30일(30日) L. edodes 3-1은 35일(35日) 배양(培養)했을때가 효소생산(酵素生産)이 양호(良好)하였다. 4) 부원료(副原料)중에서는 대두박(大豆粕), 유채박(油菜粕), 참깻묵을 첨가(添加)했을때가 효소생산(酵素生産)은 양호(良好)하였으나 균사생육(菌絲生育)은 오히려 불량(不良)하였으며 미강첨가량(米糠添加量)은 30%첨가(添加)에서 좋았다. 5) 무기염류(無機鹽類)의 첨가(添加)는 대체적으로 효소생산(酵素生産)에 효과적(效果的)이었으며 $CaCO_3$는 5%, $CaSO_4$는 2% 첨가구(添加區)에서 좋았다.