Atmosphere (대기)

Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Analysis of Aerosols Impacts on the Vertical Invigoration of Continental Stratiform Clouds

에어로솔의 대륙 층운형 구름 연직발달(Invigoration)에 미치는 영향 분석

  • Kim, Yoo-Jun (High Impact Weather Research Center, Forecast Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, Korea Meteorological Administration) ;
  • Han, Sang-Ok (High Impact Weather Research Center, Forecast Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, Korea Meteorological Administration) ;
  • Lee, Chulkyu (Applied Meteorological Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, Korea Meteorological Administration) ;
  • Lee, Seoung-Soo (Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Gon (Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 김유준 (국립기상연구소예보연구과재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 한상옥 (국립기상연구소예보연구과재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 이철규 (국립기상연구소응용기상연구과) ;
  • 이승수 ((미)국립해양대기청지구시스템연구소) ;
  • 김병곤 (강릉원주대학교대기환경과학과)
  • Received : 2013.06.09
  • Accepted : 2013.07.29
  • Published : 2013.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examines the effect of aerosols on the vertical invigoration of continental stratiform clouds, using a dataset of Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Intensive Operational Period (IOP, March 2000) at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. To provide further support to our observation-based findings, the weather research and forecasting (WRF) sensitivity simulations with changing cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations have been carried out for the golden episode over SGP. First, cross correlation between observed aerosol scattering coefficient and cloud liquid water path (LWP) with a 160-minutes lag is the highest of r = 0.83 for the selected episode, which may be attributable to cloud vertical invigoration induced by an increase in aerosol loading. Modeled cloud fractions in a control run are well matched with the observation in the perspective of cloud morphology and lasting period. It is also found through a simple sensitivity with a change in CCN that aerosol invigoration (AIV) effect on stratiform cloud organization is attributable to a change in the cloud microphysics as well as dynamics such as the corresponding modification of cloud number concentrations, drop size, and latent heating rate, etc. This study suggests a possible cloud vertical invigoration even in the continental stratiform clouds due to aerosol enhancement in spite of a limited analysis based on a few observed continental cloud cases.

Keywords

References

  1. Albrecht, B. A., W. F. Christopher, W. T. Dennis, and B. W. Allen, 1990: Surface-based remote sensing of the observed and the adiabatic liquid water content of stratocumulus clouds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1, 89-92.
  2. Anderson, T. L., R. J. Charlson, D. M. Winker, J. A. Ogren, and K. Holmen, 2003: Mesoscale variations of tropospheric aerosols. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 119-136. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<0119:MVOTA>2.0.CO;2
  3. Andreae, M. O., D. Rosenfeld, P. Artaxo, A. A. Costa, G. P. Frank, K. M. Longo, and M. A. F. Silva-Dias, 2004: Smoking rain clouds over the Amazon. Science, 303, 1737-1342.
  4. Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land surface-hydrology model with the Penn State-NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<0569:CAALSH>2.0.CO;2
  5. Fan, J., D. Rosenfeld, Y. Ding, L. R. Leung, and Z. Li, 2012: Potential aerosol indirect effects on atmospheric circulation and radiative forcing through deep convection. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L09806.
  6. Fan, J., T. Yuan, J. M. Comstock, S. Ghan, A. Khain, L. R. Leung, Z. Li, V. J. Martins, and M. Ovchinnikov, 2009: Dominant role by vertical wind shear in regulating aerosol effects on deep convective clouds. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D22206. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012352
  7. Feingold, G., H. Jiang, and J. Y. Harrington, 2005: On smoke suppression of clouds in Amazonia. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02804.
  8. Hong, S.-Y., Y. Noah, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318-1341. https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR3199.1
  9. Iacono, M. J., J. S. Delamere, E. J. Mlawer, M. W. Shephard, S. A. Clough, and W. D. Collins, 2008: Radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D13103, doi:10.1029/2008JD009944.
  10. Kain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1993: Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: The Kain-Fritsch scheme. Meteor. Monogr., 24, 165-170.
  11. Khain, A. P., N. BenMoshe, and A. Pokrovsky, 2008: Factors determining the impact of aerosols on surface precipitation from clouds: An attempt at classification. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 1721. https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAS2515.1
  12. Kim, Y.-J., B.-G. Kim, M. Miller, Q. Min, and C.-K. Song, 2012: Enhanced aerosol-cloud relationships in more stable and adiabatic clouds. Asia-Pacific J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 283-293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-012-0028-0
  13. Koren, I., G. Feingold, and L. A. Remer, 2010: The invigoration of deep convective clouds over the Atlantic: aerosol effect, meteorology or retrieval artifact?. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 8855-8872. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-8855-2010
  14. Koren, I., O. Altaratz, L. A. Remer, G. Feingold, J. V. Martins, and R. H. Heiblum, 2012: Aerosol-induced intensification of rain from the tropics to the mid-latitudes. Nature Geosci., 5, 118-122. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1364
  15. Lebo, Z. J., H. Morrison, and J. H. Seinfeld, 2012: Are simulated aerosol-induced effects on deep convective clouds strongly dependent on saturation adjustment?. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9941-9964. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9941-2012
  16. Lee, S. S., and G. Feingold, 2010: Precipitating cloud-system response to aerosol perturbations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L23806.
  17. Lee, S. S., G. Feingold, and P. Chuang, 2012: Effects of aerosol on cloud-environment interactions in trade cumulus. J. Atmos. Sci., doi:10.1175/JAS-D-12-026.1.
  18. Li, Z., F. Niu, J. Fan, Y. Liu, D. Rosenfeld, and Y. Ding, 2011: Long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitation. Nature Geosci., doi:10.1038/NGEO1313.
  19. Lim, K.-S. S., and S. Y. Hong, 2010: Development of an effective double-moment cloud microphysics scheme with prognostic cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) for weather and climate models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 1587-1612. https://doi.org/10.1175/2009MWR2968.1
  20. Martin, G. M., D. W. Johnson, and A. Spice, 1994: The measurement and parameterization of effective radius of droplets in warm stratocumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1823-1842. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<1823:TMAPOE>2.0.CO;2
  21. McComiskey, A., and G. Feingold, 2012: The scale problem in quantifying aerosol indirect effects. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 1031-1049. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-1031-2012
  22. Ramanathan, V., P. J. Crutzen, J. T. Kiehl, and D. Rosenfeld, 2001: Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle. Science, 294, 2119-2123. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1064034
  23. Rosenfeld, D., 1999: TRMM observed first direct evidence of smoke from forest fires inhibiting rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3105-3108. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL006066
  24. Rosenfeld, D., W. L. Woodley, A. Khain, W. R. Cotton, G. Carrio, I. Ginis, and J. H. Golden, 2012: Aerosol effects on microstructure and intensity of tropical cyclones. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 987-1001.
  25. Song, K. Y., and S. S. Yum, 2012: Anthropogenic radiative forcing of marine stratocumulus clouds under different thermodynamic conditions - An LES model study. Atmos. Res., 118, 370-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.07.018
  26. Stevens, B., and G. Feingold, 2009: Untangling aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation in a buffered system. Nature, 461, 607-613. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08281
  27. Teng, H., W. M. Washington, G. Branstator, G. A. Meehl, and J. F. Lamarque, 2012: Potential impacts of Asian carbon aerosols on future US warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L11703.
  28. Twomey, S., 1977: The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1149-1152. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034<1149:TIOPOT>2.0.CO;2
  29. Warner, J., and S. Twomey, 1967: The production of cloud nuclei by cane fires and the effects on cloud droplet concentration. J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 704-706. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1967)024<0704:TPOCNB>2.0.CO;2