Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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The Analysis of Vegetation Characteristics According to Revetment Structure at Rural Small Streams

농촌지역 소하천의 제방형태에 따른 식생특성 분석연구

  • Kim, Mi-Heui (knowledge & Information Officer, Rural Development Adminstration) ;
  • Kang, Banghun (Planning & Budget Officer, Rural Development Adminstration) ;
  • Kong, Min-Jae (Relationship of Dankook University & Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jeong, Myeong-Cheol (National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Son, Jin-Kwan (National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
  • 김미희 (농촌진흥청 지식정보화담당관실) ;
  • 강방훈 (농촌진흥청 미래창조전략팀) ;
  • 공민재 (단국대학교-농촌진흥청 학연협동과정) ;
  • 정명철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 손진관 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원)
  • Received : 2015.08.13
  • Accepted : 2015.10.10
  • Published : 2015.11.30
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Abstract

Stream ecosystems are highly valued natural resources, however, stream environments are currently under threat in several respects. We evaluated vegetation and ecological characteristics according to different revetment types. The distribution of vegetation differed with revetment type, with a 42~45 taxa found in natural revetments, and 23~38 taxa in vertical revetments. Thus, natural revetments host more diverse vegetation than vertical revetments. We also found more plants belonging to the families Labiatae and Cyperaceae growing in natural revetments than in vertical revetments. We proposed that habitat space be apportioned to introduce annual plants as part of stream restoration projects. And, we identified 7 families and 18 taxa of naturalized plants, majority taxa were either biennial or perennial. Moreover, naturalized ratio was higher in vertical(14.3%) than natural(12.1%), we proposed a plan to promote and improve natural streams and revetments. Furthermore, we applied a waterfront evaluation method developed by the Natural Resources Conservation Service of the USDA-NRCS, which confirmed that stream health can be improved in most regions by controlling naturalized plants and ensuring shrub and tree growth. We adopted a new method to remove naturalized plants and establish natural revetments to ensure shrub and tree growth to aid in small-stream restoration and improvement. In future studies, we hope to develop methods for small-stream restoration projects in rural areas.

하천생태계는 환경, 생태적 중요한 가치를 지니는 공간이지만 최근 다양한 위협에 처해있다. 다양한 복원이 시도되고 있어 유형에 따른 식생특성 발달 정도를 평가하였다. 제방형태 중 자연형제방이 42~45 종류, 인공형제방이 23~38 종류로 확인되어 자연형제방이 인공형제방에 비해 식생의 다양함을 확인하였다. 더불어 자연형 제방에서 인공형 보다 꿀풀과와 사초과가 발달함을 확인하였다. 일년생식물의 출현빈도는 인공형제방 지역이 낮은 빈도임을 확인 하여 하천정비 시 일년생식물이 도입 될 수 있도록 서식공간을 넓게 조성 할 것을 제시하였다. 귀화식물은 총 7과 18종류가 확인되었고 2년생 이상이 많은 비중을 차지하여 지속적 관리를 제시하였다. 귀화율은 인공형지역(14.3%)이 자연형지역(12.1%)보다 높게 분석되어 자연형 하천 및 제방으로 개선을 제시하였다. 미국 농무성의 수변평가법을 적용한 결과 귀화식물 제어와 관교목층 확보가 이루어진다면 하천의 건강성을 제고 시킬 수 있다고 판단하였다. 따라서 소하천 복원 및 개선사업에서는 귀화식물의 제거와 자연형 제방 조성을 통한 관교목 등 식물의 생육기반이 확보 될 수 있는 공법으로 전환을 제시하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 앞으로 추진될 농촌지역 소하천 개선 및 정비 사업에 필요한 공법개발 등 자연형하천 필요성 제기에 활용되길 기대한다.

Keywords

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