Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Vegetation Structure and Management Strategies of Glaux maritima var. obtusifolia Community on the Southernmost Distribution Area in Korea

멸종위기 식물인 갯봄맞이 최남단 군락의 식생구조

  • Received : 2017.09.08
  • Accepted : 2017.10.18
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

Glaux maritima var. obtusifolia is distributed in very limited areas in South Korea and thus designated and protected as an endangered species. This study aimed to identify the diversity of vegetation in the Dangsa coast wetlands, the southern limit of G. maritima var. obtusifolia and to assess determinants of the vegetation and the importance of habitats. The phytosociological method of the $Z{\ddot{u}}rich-Montpellier$ School was used for vegetation classification and mathematical and statistical analyses were also conducted to analyze environmental factors and their relationship with the vegetation. The results of this study showed that there were 4 vegetation units in the Dangsa coast wetlands: Glaux maritima var. obtusifolia-Triglochin maritimum community (included three subcommunities), Puccinellia nipponica s.l. community, Beckmannia syzigachne-Isachne globosa community and Typha laxmannii-Phragmites communis community. It was also found that major determinants of the vegetation include moisture environment, soil depth, water level disturbance, vegetation height, community structure, etc. Glaux maritima was identified to grow most dominantly in the typicum subassociation of Glaux. maritima var. obtusifolia-Triglochin maritimum community, and the species compositions and dominant situations were observed to be similar to those in the southern limit in Japan, adjacent to South Korea. The assessment results indicated that the Dangsa coastal wetlands have a significant meaning from phytogeographical and syngeographical aspects, and contribute as a shelter for diverse species. It is required to establish conservation strategies to accurately determine the value of the wetlands of the Dangsa coast from various perspectives, and to protect and manage them.

갯봄맞이는 한국에서 매우 제한적인 분포를 보여 멸종위기종으로 지정 보호되고 있다. 본 연구는 갯봄맞이의 남방한계지역에 해당하는 당사해안습지의 식생 다양성을 확인하고 식생결정 요인과 서식처 중요성을 평가하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 식생분류를 위해 Z.-M. 학파의 식물사회학적 방법을 활용하였으며, 환경요인과 식생과의 관계 분석을 위해 수리통계분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과 당사해안습지는 갯봄맞이-지채군락 (3개 하위군락), 갯꾸러미풀s.l.군락, 기장대 풀군락, 갈대-꼬마부들군락의 4개 단위식생으로 구성되어 있었다. 이들 식생의 주요 결정요인은 수분환경과 토심, 수위교란정도, 식생고, 군락구조 등인 것으로 확인되었다. 갯봄맞이는 갯봄맞이-지채군락의 전형아군집에서 가장 우세하게 생육하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 인접한 일본의 남방한계지역과도 유사한 종조성 및 우점상황을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 당사해안습지는 식물지리 및 식생지리학적 측면에서 큰 의미를 지니는 입지이며, 다양한 종의 피난처로서 기여하고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 당사해안습지의 가치를 다양한 관점에서 정밀하게 파악하고 보호 및 관리하기 위한 보전전략의 수립이 요구된다.

Keywords

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