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The Relationship between Smoking, Alcohol Drinking and Vitamin D Level among Korean Adults : From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014

한국 성인에서 흡연 및 음주와 비타민 D 수준과의 관련성

  • Lee, Yun-Kyung (Dept. of Public Health, Graduate School of Chosun University) ;
  • Park, Jong (Dept. of Public Health, Graduate School of Chosun University) ;
  • Ryu, So-Yeon (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University) ;
  • Choi, Seong-Woo (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University) ;
  • Shin, Jun-Ho (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam University)
  • 이윤경 (조선대학교 일반대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 박종 (조선대학교 일반대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 류소연 (조선대학교 예방의학교실) ;
  • 최성우 (조선대학교 예방의학교실) ;
  • 신준호 (전남대학교 예방의학교실)
  • Received : 2018.12.12
  • Accepted : 2019.03.08
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

The aim of this study was the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level among Korean adults using data from the '6th(2013-2014) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey'. The data used in this study were analyzed for 3,565 people who were over the age of 19 ages and checked vitamin D level and consumption frequencies of vitamin D rich foods among 15,568 respondents to the '6th(2013-2014) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey'. The subjects were divided into four groups: None group(non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking), smoking only group, alcohol drinking only group and both group (smoking and alcohol drinking). The mean serum vitamin D level of the subjects was $16.5{\pm}0.20ng/mL$ and 73.5% of vitamin D levels were insufficient and deficiency. The results from hierarchical multiple logistic regression showed that the Odds ratio for insufficient vitamin D due to smoking and alcohol drinking were significantly higher in the smoking only group 2.281(95% CI 1.080-4.817)times and both group 1.356(95% CI 1.010-1.922)times than none group. Our results showed the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level was significant in Korean adults. Future studies, such as a more systematic cohort study investigating the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level may be helpful in confirming the causal relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level.

본 연구의 목적은 제 6기 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 한국 성인의 흡연, 음주와 비타민 D 수준과의 관계를 알아보고자 한다. 연구 대상자는 제 6기 국민건강영양조사 자료의 만 19세 이상 성인 대상 15,568명 중 만 19세 미만인 자, 비타민 D 측정누락자, 비타민 D 급원식품 섭취빈도 누락자를 제외한 3,565명을 이용하였다. 대상자는 비흡연음주군(비흡연과 비음주), 흡연군, 음주군, 흡연음주군(흡연과 음주)의 4그룹으로 분류하였다. 대상자의 혈중 비타민 D 평균 농도는 $16.5{\pm}0.20ng/mL$, 비타민 D 수준이 불충분이거나 결핍인 경우가 73.5%였다. 다중로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 흡연과 음주에 따른 비타민 D 불충분 위험요인으로는 비흡연음주군에 비해 오즈비가 흡연군 2.281(95% CI 1.080-4.817)배, 흡연음주군 1.356(95% CI 1.010-1.922)배 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구 결과 흡연, 음주와 비타민 D 수준은 한국성인에서 유의한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 향후 추적 조사를 통한 코호트 연구를 시행할 수 있다면 흡연 및 음주와 비타민 D 수준과의 인과관계를 확인하기 위한 정확한 결과에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

Table 1. General characteristics of subjects (N=3,565/Weighted N=29,167,244.0)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n3_231_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Health behaviors of the subjects (N=3,565/Weighted N=29,167,244.0)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n3_231_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. General characteristics of vitamin D status (N=3,565/Weighted N=29,167,244.0)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n3_231_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Relationship of weekly consumption frequencies of vitamin D rich foods (N=3,565/Weighted N=29,167,244.0, Weighted %(%SE)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n3_231_t0004.png 이미지

Table 7. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis of smoking and alcohol drinking status on vitamin D level (N=3,565/Weighted N=29,167,244.0)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n3_231_t0005.png 이미지

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