Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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A Study on Improvement of Gravity model Decay Function of Transporting Demand Forecasting Considering Space Syntax

Space Syntax를 이용한 교통수요예측의 중력모형 저항함수의 개선방안

  • Jang, Jin-Young (Research Institute of Science and Technology, Hongik University)
  • 장진영 (홍익대학교 과학기술연구소)
  • Received : 2019.01.30
  • Accepted : 2019.03.08
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

In the four-step demand model, a gravity mode is used most commonly at the trip distribution stage. The purpose of this study was to develop a new friction factor that can express the accessibility property as a single friction factor to compensate for the variable limits of the gravity model parameters (travel time, travel cost). To derive a new friction factor, a new friction factor was derived using the space syntax that can quantify the characteristics of the urban space structure, deriving the link-unit integration degree and then using the travel time and travel distance relationship. Calibration of the derived friction factor resulted in a similar level to that of the existing friction factor. As a result of verifying the various indicators, the explanatory power was found to be excellent in the short - and long - distance range. Therefore, it is possible to derive and apply the new friction factor using the integration index, which can complement the accessibility beyond the limit of the existing shortest distance, and it is believed to be more advantageous in future utilization.

본 4단계 교통수요예측모형의 통행분포단계에서 중력모형이 가장 일반적으로 활용하고 있다. 본 연구는 중력모형변수(통행시간, 통행비용 등)의 가변적인 한계를 보완하기 위해 접근성 속성을 단일 마찰인자로서 표현할 수 있는 보다 현실적이고 장래 활용이 용이한 신규 마찰인자를 개발하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이에 신규 마찰인자 도출을 위해 도시공간구조의 특성을 정량화할 수 있는 공간구문론(space syntax)을 활용하여 Link 단위 통합도를 도출 후 통행시간, 통행거리 관계를 이용해 일종의 대리변수로서의 신규 마찰인자를 도출하였다. 대수전환을 통한 마찰인자별 정산결과, 기존 마찰인자(최단거리, 통행시간) 대비 유사하거나 더 높은 수준을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 다양한, 검증지표를 활용하여 기존 마찰인자와의 비교시, 전체적으로는 기존 마찰인자와 유사하지만, 단거리 구간 및 장거리 구간에서 설명력이 뛰어난 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 기존 최단거리의 한계에서 벗어나 접근성을 보완할 수 있는 통합도 지표를 이용하여 신규마찰인자 도출 및 적용이 가능하고, 장래 활용성에서 좀 더 장점을 갖는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Examples of Axial Line and Spatial Structures (a) Setting of axis line (b) Gragh of Spatial Structures

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Fig. 2. Result of integration (a) analysis of integration (b) integration/㎞

Table 1. Cross-traffic comparison by metropolitan → Destination

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Table 2. Difference between GIS network and axis line

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Table 3. Result of Link's road-system integration

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Table 4. Result of Link's road-system integration

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Table 5. Comparison of Calculation Results of Modified Mixing Models by Friction Factor.

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Table 7. Verification Results by Friction Factor

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Table 8. Total purpose OD verification result by distance

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