The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration (대한감각통합치료학회지)

Korean Academy of Sensory Integration (대한감각통합치료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Sensory Integration Therapy Combined with Eye Tracker on Sensory Processing and Visual Perception of Children with Developmental Disabilities

아이트래커를 병행한 감각통합치료가 발달장애아동의 감각처리 및 시지각에 미치는 영향

  • Kwon, So-Hyun (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Cheongju University) ;
  • Ahn, Si-Nae (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, Cheongju University)
  • 권소현 (청주대학교 일반대학원 작업치료학전공) ;
  • 안시내 (청주대학교 작업치료학과)
  • Received : 2023.10.06
  • Accepted : 2023.12.08
  • Published : 2023.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective : The purpose was the effect of sensory integration therapy combined with an eye tracker on the sensory processing and visual perception of children with developmental disabilities. Methods : It was a single-subject study with a multiple baseline design between subjects, and the intervention applied sensory integration therapy combined with an eye tracker. Visual-motor speed and saccadic eye movements were assessed at each session of baseline and intervention periods. As pre- and post-evaluation, sensory profile, Korean-Developmental Test of Visual Perception and Trail Making Test were conducted. The results of each session evaluation and pre- and post-evaluation researched the effectiveness of the intervention through visual analysis and trend line analysis. Results : As a result of the evaluation for each session, the slope of the trend line for all children in visual-motor speed and saccadic eye movement increased sharply during the intervention compared to the baseline. As a result of the pre- and post-evaluation, the sensory processing of movement, body position, and visual changed from more than that of peers to a level similar to that of peers. In visual perception, all children's ability of Visual Closure increased. As a result of Trail Making Test conducted to confirm the improvement of children's visual tracking and visual-motor abilities, all children showed a decrease in performance time after the test compared to before. Conclusion : It was confirmed that sensory integration therapy combined with an eye tracker for developmental disabilities has effect on sensory processing and visual perception. It is expected to play an important role clinically as it can stimulate children's interest and motivation in line with recent technological improvements and the spread of smart devices.

목적 : 본 연구는 발달장애아동에게 아이트래커를 병행한 감각통합치료가 감각처리 및 시지각에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구의 설계는 단일대상연구의 대상자간 중다기초선 설계이며, 중재는 아이트래커를 병행한 감각통합치료를 적용하였다. 기초선 기간과 중재 기간의 매 회기 평가로 시각-운동 속도와 단속적 눈의 움직임을 평가하였으며, 사전·사후 평가로 감각프로파일, 한국판시지각발달검사, 선잇기검사를 실시하였다. 매 회기 평가와 사전·사후 평가는 시각적 분석 및 경향선 분석을 통해 중재의 효과를 연구하였다. 결과 : 회기별 평가 결과, 시각-운동속도와 단속적 눈의 움직임에서 모든 아동의 경향선 기울기가 기초선기간보다 중재기간에 급격하게 증가하였다. 사전·사후 평가결과, 감각처리에서는 움직임, 몸위치, 시각의 감각처리가 또래보다 많음에서 또래와 유사 수준으로 변화하였으며, 시지각에서는 모든 아동의 시각통합능력이 증가하였다. 또한, 아동의 시각추적 및 시각-운동 능력의 향상을 확인하기 위해 실시한 선잇기검사 결과, 모든 아동이 사전보다 사후에 수행시간이 감소하였다. 결론 : 발달장애아동의 아이트래커를 병행한 감각통합치료는 감각처리 및 시지각에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 최근 기술의 향상과 스마트기기의 보급과 맞추어 아동의 흥미와 동기를 부여할 수 있어 임상적으로 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cho, M. S. (2015). Influence of virtual reality games on eye-hand coordination in children with developmental disordered. Journal of Korean Society of Community Based Occupational Therapy, 5(1), 63-69. doi:10.18598/kcbot.2015.05.01.07
  2. Hammill, D. D., Pearson, N. A., & Voress, J. K. (1993). Developmental test of visual perception (2nd ed.). Texas, America: PRO-ED.
  3. Hong, M. K., Kim, H. J. M., Lee, J. S., & Jung, M. Y. (2018). Recommended reference point for using the modified trail making test as the elderly driving test. Journal of Driver Rehabilitation and Social Participation, 1(1), 31-45.
  4. Jeon, J. Y., Jo, M. K., Kim, H. Y., Lee, E. H., & Kim, S. K. (2007). Relationship between visual perception development and hand function of typically developing and developmental disabilities children. Korean Journal of Special Education, 2007(12), 245-258.
  5. Jeong, Y. J., & Woo, T. (2020). A study on the gasification elements of eye-tracker for improving attention concentration of children with quadratic palsy with intellectual disability. Journal of Korea Game Society, 20(4), 57-65. doi:10.7583/JKGS.2020.20.4.57
  6. Jo, J. H. (2023). Analysis of eye saccades in students with developmental disabilities during virtual reality-based barista training. Journal of Korea Multimedia Society, 26(2), 232-240. doi:10.9717/kmms.2023.26.2.232
  7. Kang, S. N., & Yim, D. S. (2018). Reading comprehension and reading processing of school-aged children with specific language impairment using eye tracker. Journal of Communication Sciences & Disorders, 23(4), 914-928. doi:10.12963/csd.18551
  8. Kim, E. Y., Kim, S. K., Kim, M. S., Jeong, Y. H., Ji, S. Y., & Bae, D. S. (2021). Korean sensory profile, Second edition; K-SP2. Seoul, Korea: Korea Psychology.
  9. Kim, H. H., Bo, G. H., Yoo, B. K., & Kim, M. K. (2011). Effects of vestibule-oriented sensory integration treatment on the nystagmus, visual perception and balancing ability of children with developmental disability. International Journal of Contents, 11(4), 290-302. doi:10.5392/JKCA.2011.11.4.290
  10. Kim, H. H., Yoo, B. K., & Jang, Y. S. (2009). The effect of sensory integration intervention program on body-scheme and praxis ability in children with developmental disability. Journal Korean Academy of Sensory Integration, 7(1), 47-57.
  11. Kim, J. A., Oh, S. J., Choi, E. J., Kim, Y. T., & Sung, J. E. (2018). A meta-analysis of eye-tracking studies on text processing in children with reading disabilities. Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 23(3), 597-608. doi:10.12963/csd.18529
  12. Kim, K. U., & Oh, H. W. (2019). The effects of digital sensory perceptual training on hand function and visual-motor integration in children with developmental disabilities. Journal Korean Society of Integrative Medicine, 7(4), 141-150. doi:10.15268/ksim.2019.7.4.141
  13. Kim, K. Y. (2016). The effects of AAC intervention using eye tracking for students with multiple physical disabilities. Korean Journal of Physical, Multiple & Health Disabilities, 59(4), 181-211. doi:10.20971/kcpmd.2016.59.4.181
  14. Kim, M. H., & Kim, M. K. (2004). Relationships between trail making test(A, B, B-A, B/A) scores abd age, education, comparison of performance head injury patient and psychiatric patient. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 23(2), 353-366.
  15. Kim, M. J., Gil, Y. S., Kang, S. B., & Lee, J. S. (2023). Effect of virtual reality-based occupational therapy interventions for disabled children and adolescents: Systematic review. Journal Korean Academy of Sensory Integration, 21(1), 34-46.
  16. Kim, Y. G., & Kang, Y. K. (2018). The effects of eye tracking-linkaged attention training system for the cognition in brain injury: Pilot study. Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, 26(1), 31-44. doi:10.14519/jksot.2018.26.1.03
  17. Kwon, H. R. (2007). Effects of sensory integration therapy on motor proficiency and visual perception development in children with developmental disability (Doctoral dissertation). Cha University, Pochon.
  18. Kwon, M. H. (2021). Effects of sensory integration intervention combined with app-based visual perception training on attention, visual perception ability, and daily living ability of children with developmental disabilities. Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy, 29(4), 97-107. doi:10.14519/kjot.2021.29.4.07
  19. Lane, K. A. (2008). Developing ocular motor and visual perceptual skills. Seoul, Korea: Yeong Mun Publishing Company.
  20. Lee, E. A., & Jung, K. T. (2011). Visual perception of nomal children and developmental delay children. Seoul, Korea: Proceedings of the ESK Conference.
  21. Lee, G. M., & Jo, Y. T. (2019). Visual perception training program. Seoul, Korea: Goodedubook.
  22. Moon, S. B., Yeo, G. E., & Joe, Y. T. (2003). Korean developmental test of visual perception, Second edition; K-DTVP-2. Seoul, Korea: Hakjisa Publisher.
  23. Park, J. K., Ryu, J. S., & Kang, D. O. (2006). The effects of sensory integration training on motor plan and space perception of children with developmental disabilities. Journal Korean Association for Children with Special Needs, 8(1), 1-23.
  24. Park, M. Y., Lim, Y. M., & Kim, H. (2017). The effects of sensory integration intervention combined with auditory perception training on sensory processing, visual perception and attention of children with developmental delay: Single-subject design. Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration, 15(2), 66-79. doi:10.18064/JKASI.2017.15.2.066
  25. Park, S. Y., Lee, S. I., & Ma, S. R. (2019). A Case study of sensory integration therapy with physical activities based on developmental stages a case study of sensory integration therapy with physical activities based on developmental stages. Journal of Neurotherapy, 23(2), 19-26. doi:10.17817/2019.06.04.111409
  26. Seo, E. S. (2016). Mobile eye tracker and for use of the same for revitalizing studies on eye tracking. International Journal of Contents, 16(12), 10-18. doi:10.5392/JKCA.2016.16.12.010
  27. Wikipedia. (2023. 9. 28). Developmental disability. 27 September, 2023. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_disability
  28. Yoon, S. M., & Yim, D. S. (2019). Sustained attention of children with and without specific language impairment and the relations with quick incidental learning using eye-tracker. Journal of Communication Sciences & Disorders, 24(4), 852-867. doi:10.12963/csd.19631