Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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A Study on Sea Surface Temperature Changes in South Sea (Tongyeong coast), South Korea, Following the Passage of Typhoon KHANUN in 2023

2023년 태풍 카눈 통과에 따른 한국 남해 통영해역 수온 변동 연구

  • Jae-Dong Hwang (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Ji-Suk Ahn (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Ju-Yeon Kim (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Hui-Tae Joo (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Byung-Hwa Min (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Ki-Ho Nam (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Si-Woo Lee (Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
  • 황재동 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 안지숙 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 김주연 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 주희태 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 민병화 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 남기호 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과) ;
  • 이시우 (국립수산과학원 기후변화연구과)
  • Received : 2024.01.17
  • Accepted : 2024.02.23
  • Published : 2024.02.28
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Abstract

An analysis of the coastal water temperature in the Tongyeong waters, the eastern sea of the South Sea of Korea, revealed that the water temperature rose sharply before the typhoon made landfall. The water temperature rise occurred throughout the entire water column. An analysis of the sea surface temperature data observed by NOAA(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) satellites, indicated that sea water with a temperature of 30℃ existed in the eastern waters of the eastern South Sea of Korea before the typhoon landed. The southeastern sea of Korea is an area where ocean currents prevail from west to east owing to the Tsushima Warm Current. However, an analysis of the satellite data showed that seawater at 30℃ moved from east to west, indicating that it was affected by the Ekman transport caused by the typhoon before landing. In addition, because the eastern waters of the South Sea are not as deep as those of the East Sea, the water temperature of the entire water layer may remain constant owing to vertical mixing caused by the wind. Because the rise in water temperature in each water layer occurred on the same day, the rise in the bottom water temperature can be considered as owing to vertical mixing. Indeed, the southeastern sea of Korea is a sea area where the water temperature can rise rapidly depending on the direction of approach of the typhoon and the location of high temperature formation.

한국 남해 동부 해역인 통영해역에 설치된 연안 수온 분석 결과, 태풍이 남해안에 상륙하기 전에 수온이 급격하게 상승한 것으로 나타났다. 수온 상승은 표층(5m)은 물론 저층(15m)까지 같이 발생하였다. NOAA 위성에서 관측한 표면수온자료 분석 결과, 태풍이 상륙하기 전 한국 남해 동부 해역의 동쪽 해역에 30℃의 수온을 가지는 해수가 존재하였다. 한국 남동해역은 대마난류에 의해 서쪽에서 동쪽으로 해류가 우세한 지역이나 위성 자료 분석 결과, 30℃의 해수는 동쪽에서 서쪽으로 이동한 것으로 나타나 태풍 상륙 전에 태풍에 의한 에크만 수송의 영향을 받은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 남해 동부 해역은 한국 동해 해역과 달리 수심이 깊지 않기 때문에 바람에 의한 연직 혼합으로 인해 전 수층의 수온이 일정하게 나타날 수 있다. 수층별 수온 상승이 같은 날에 발생하였기 때문에 저층 수온 상승은 연직 혼합에 의한 결과라 볼 수 있다. 따라서 한국 남동해역은 태풍의 접근 방향과 고수온의 형성 위치에 따라 에크만 수송에 의해 수온이 급상승할 수 있는 해역임을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립수산과학원 연구사업인 수산분야 기후변화 영향 평가 및 예측기술 개발(R2024045)의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

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