Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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Patterns in Benthic Polychaete Community and Benthic Health Assessment at Longline and Bottom Culture Shellfish Farms in Gangjin Bay, Namhae, Korea

남해 강진만 수하식 및 살포식 패류양식장의 다모류군집구조 양상과 저서생태계 건강도 평가

  • Sunyoung Kim (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Sang-Pil Yoon (Marine Environmental Assessment Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Sohyun Park (Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Rae Hong Jung (South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
  • 김선영 (국립수산과학원 해양환경연구과) ;
  • 윤상필 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 박소현 (국립수산과학원 해양환경연구과) ;
  • 정래홍 (국립수산과학원 남해수산연구소 기후환경자원과)
  • Received : 2024.02.02
  • Accepted : 2024.02.23
  • Published : 2024.02.28
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the structure of benthic communities resulting from aquaculture activities and to assess the benthic health status of surface sediment in Gangjin Bay, a region known for concentrated shellfish aquaculture on the southern coast of Korea. Survey stations were divided into longline culture, bottom culture, and non-cultivation areas. The spatiotemporal distribution of physiochemical factors such as the grain size, water temperature, salinity, and total organic carbon in Gangjin Bay showed no significant differences between sampling stations. However, the species number, density, and diversity were relatively lower at the sampling stations in the bottom culture areas than at the other stations throughout the entire survey period. Cluster analysis and principal coordinates analysis also clearly distinguished the benthic communities in the bottom culture areas from those in the other sampling areas. At the sampling stations in the longline culture and non-cultivation areas, Scolectoma longifolia and Sigambra tentaculata, which are indicator species of organically enriched areas, appeared as dominant species. However, excluding some stations influenced by physical factors such as the water depth and current speed, the occupancy rate was not high. The health assessment results, conducted using the fisheries environment assessment method, revealed good conditions with Grades 1 and 2 across the entire area. However, an examination of the spatiotemporal changes in benthic communities and the benthic health index indicated that the benthic environment in the bottom culture areas was affected by physical disturbances.

본 연구는 패류양식업이 밀집한 남해 강진만 해역에서 수하식 및 살포식 양식해역과 비양식해역을 구분하여 양식활동으로 인한 유기물 축적과 저서다모류군집 변화를 파악하고, 어장환경평가 기법을 활용하여 건강도를 평가하고자 수행되었다. 남해 강진만 해역의 평균 입도, 수온, 염분농도, 총유기탄소 등의 시·공간 분포는 정점간에 큰 차이가 없었던 반면, 출현 종수, 개체밀도와 종다양도 등은 살포식 양식 해역의 정점이 다른 해역의 정점과 비교해 상대적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. 한편 집괴분석과 주요좌표분석 결과에서도 살포식 양식해역 정점의 저서다모류군집이 나머지 정점의 군집과 뚜렷하게 구분되었다. 수하식 양식해역의 정점과 비양식해역 정점에서는 오염지시종인 Scolectoma longifolia와 Sigambra tentaculata가 우점종으로 출현하였으나, 수심과 해수 유통 등의 물리적인 요인에 의한 영향을 받는 일부 정점을 제외하면 점유율이 높지 않았다. 강진만 해역의 저서생태계 건강도는 1~2등급으로 양호한 상태였다. 그러나, 다모류군집구조의 시·공간 분포와 저서생태계 건강도지수를 고려하면 살포식 양식해역의 퇴적환경은 양식으로 인한 물리적인 교란에 영향을 받는 것으로 보여진다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문의 완성도를 높이기 위해 세심하게 검토해 주신 익명의 심사위원분들께 감사드립니다. 이 논문은 2023년도 국립수산과학원 수산과학연구사업(P2024049)의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다.

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