Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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Application of Stable Isotopic Niche Space to Large River Monitoring: Analysis of Benthic Macroinvertebrates of the Seongchon Wier

안정동위원소비를 활용한 생태지위면적 분석의 수생태계 평가 가능성 분석: 영산강 승촌보의 저서성 대형무척추동물을 대상으로

  • Seo, Dong-Hwan (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Oh, Hye-Ji (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Jin, Mei-Yan (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Oda, Yusuke (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Woo (Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jang, Min-Ho (Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Choi, Bohyung (Departure of Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Shin, Kyung-Hoon (Departure of Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-Lak (Watershed Ecology Research Team, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Su-Woong (Watershed Ecology Research Team, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Chang, Kwang-Hyeon (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University)
  • 서동환 (경희대학교 환경학및환경공학과) ;
  • 오혜지 (경희대학교 환경학및환경공학과) ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • 김현우 (순천대학교 환경교육학과) ;
  • 장민호 (공주대학교 생물교육학과) ;
  • 최보형 (한양대학교 해양융합공학과) ;
  • 신경훈 (한양대학교 해양융합공학과) ;
  • 이경락 (국립환경과학원 유역생태연구팀) ;
  • 이수웅 (국립환경과학원 유역생태연구팀) ;
  • 장광현 (경희대학교 환경학및환경공학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.07
  • Accepted : 2018.12.07
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

We measured ecological niche space (ENS) using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of benthic macroinvertebrates to estimate its applicability for large river assessment. In particular, we compared ENSs of selected macroinvertebrates between upper and lower area of Seungchon Weir in Yeongsan River to estimate the impact of weir on biological community. We also measured basic water quality and community indices including benthic macroinvertebrates index (BMI) to estimate their correlations with calculated ENS. ENS was calculated using the Bayesian Stable Isotope in R statistics (package "SIBER"). The results showed that seasonal variations in water quality and community indices were found, but there was no apparent tendency between upper and lower area of the Seungchon Weir in June (before rainy season) and August (after rainy season). However, ENS of benthic macroinvertebrates markedly decreased across the weir in both June and August regardless of changes in water quality. This means the physical change of the stream due to the weir cause decrease of ecological isotopic niche space of benthic macroinvertebrates regardless of water quality, suggesting physical modification by the weir can affect the interaction between habitat condition and macroinvertebrates. Therefore, the ecological isotopic niche space can be a useful supplementary indicator for the river ecosystem assessment.

본 연구에서는 저서성 대형무척추동물의 탄소와 질소 안정동위원소비를 이용하여 생태지위면적을 계산하고 수생태계 평가 활용 여부를 분석하였다. 평가를 위해 영산강 승촌보의 상류와 하류에 서식하고 있는 저서성 대형무척추동물의 생태지위면적을 6월과 8월 두차례에 걸쳐 비교하여 보로 인한 영향 유무를 집중호우 전후 시기로 구분하여 평가하였다. 또한, 수질과 군집지수 및 생물지수 (BMI)를 각각 측정하고 계산하여 계산된 생태지위면적과의 연관 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 생태지위면적의 계산은 R 프로그램의 SIBER 패키지에서 제공하는 Bayesian Stable Isotope 기능을 이용하여 수행하였다. 승촌보 지역의 집중호우 이전 시기인 6월과 집중호우 이후 시기인 8월의 수질과 생물지수는 집중호우 전과 후 차이를 나타냈으나, 승촌보의 상류와 하류 지점에서 보로 인한 차이의 뚜렷한 경향은 나타나지 않았다. 반면, 저서성 대형무척추동물의 생태지위면적은 6월과 8월 조사에서 모두 상류 지역과 비교하여 하류 지역에서 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이는 보로 인한 하천의 물리적 변화가 수질과 관계없이 저서성 대형무척추동물의 생태지위면적에 영향을 줄 수 있음을 의미하며, 종조성 변화와 같은 서식처 선호도에 따른 구성 생물의 변화와 같은 직접적인 영향 외에 서식처 환경 변화를 통한 종합적인 영향을 반영하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 안정동위원소를 이용한 생태지위면적 값으로 먹이의 다양성, 선택성, 종의 생태적 지위, 경쟁 수준 등을 정량적으로 평가하여 기존의 지수를 이용한 평가방법을 보완할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Survey site of water quality and benthic macroinvertebrates in Yeongsan River.

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Figure 2. Ecological isotopic niche space of benthic macroinvrtebrates in June (a) and August (b) at the upper and lower area of Seongchon Weir.

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Figure 3. Average population density of benthic macroinvrtebrates in June (a) and August (b) at the upper and lower area of Seongchon Weir.

Table 1. Summary of benthic macroinvertebrates index.

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Table 2. Water quality of the survey site at June and August

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Table 3. Species of benthic macroinvertebrates analyzed for ecological niche space

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Table 4. Ecological isotopic niche space of benthic macroinvrtebrates in seongchon weir (Yeongsan River)

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Table 5. Average diversity index (H’) and average Benthic Macroinvrtebrates Index (BMI) of benthic 5 macroinvrtebrates at the upper and lower area of Seongchon Weir.

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