Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Assessing removal effects on particulate matters using artificial wetland modules

인공 습지 모형을 활용한 습지의 미세먼지 저감 효과

  • Son, Ga Yeon (Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae Geun (Center for Education Research, Seoul National University)
  • 손가연 (서울대학교 생물교육과) ;
  • 김재근 (서울대학교 교육종합연구원)
  • Received : 2020.01.03
  • Accepted : 2020.02.14
  • Published : 2020.02.29
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Abstract

To assess the wetland systems' capability to reduce fine dust, we used an artificial wetland module of small-sized greenhouse (70cm W × 70cm L × 60cm H) which creates a closed system. Experiment was performed twice using four species in each experiment. Non-plantation, one species, or two species condition was created in each mesocosm. We measured air quality, primarily PM2.5 and PM10 at the initial open mesocosms and 1hr later since mesocosms were closed. The dry weight of vegetation was measured at the 2nd experiment. The decreased amount of PM2.5 and PM10 was 13.7±1.3 and 13.2±1.3 ㎍·m-3hr-1 in wetland condition and 15.0±1.4 and 13.8±1.5 ㎍·m-3hr-1 in dryland condition, respectively. In 2nd experiment, the decreased amount of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in wetland condition was 13.7±1.3 and 9.2±1.5 ㎍·m-3hr-1, 15.0±1.4 and 8.8±1.4 ㎍·m-3hr-1 in dryland condition, respectively. Wetland showed higher removal effect due to its high productivity leading to more effective absorption of particulate matter. Furthermore, the aquatic characteristics of wetland system and high humidity helped purifying the air quality. This can be seen as another value of wetlands, which can be presented as one of the solutions to the problem of fine dust.

본 연구에서는 습지 조성 및 습지 내 식물에 따른 미세먼지 저감 능력 규명을 통해 습지생태계의 가치에 대하여 새로운 시각의 해석을 제공하고자 하였다. 소형 간이온실(70cm W × 70cm L × 60cm H)로 닫힌계를 형성하였으며, 간이온실 내 메조코즘에 일정 수위가 유지되는 습지(W) 혹은 건조 상태를 유지하는 육상(L) 조건을 조성하였다. 육상과 습지 조건 각각에 식물종 미식재, 단일종 식재 그리고 두 종 혼합 식재의 총 8가지 조건을 4반복씩 조성하였다. 열린계의 메조코즘에서 초기 대기질과 닫힌계로의 전환 1시간 경과한 후의 대기질을 측정하여 공기 정화능을 확인하였다. 각 실험구의 대기질로서 PM2.5, PM10농도를 중점적으로 측정하였으며, 2차 실험에서는 식물체의 건중량을 측정하였다. 닫힌계 형성 1시간 후 습지 환경에서의 PM2.5와 PM10의 감소량은 1차 실험에서 각각 13.7±1.3, 15.0±1.4 ㎍·m-3hr-1로 나타났으며, 2차 실험에서는 각각 10.5±2.1, 11.2±2.2 ㎍·m-3hr-1로 나타났다. 육지 환경에서의 미세먼지 감소량은 1차 실험에서 각각 13.2±1.3, 13.8±1.5 ㎍·m-3hr-1로 나타났으며, 2차 실험에서는 각각 9.2±1.5, 8.8±1.4 ㎍·m-3hr-1로 나타났다. 이는 습지의 높은 생산성으로 인한 식물의 생장으로 식물의 조직에 미세먼지 흡착을 통한 저감이나 증산작용을 통한 수분, 또 습지 자체의 수생태계적 특성을 통한 미세먼지 저감 효과가 드러난 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 습지의 미세먼지 저감 능력은 습지의 또 다른 가치로 볼 수 있으며 이는 미세먼지 문제에 대한 해결방안 중의 하나로 제시될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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